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yon 
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Digitized by the Internet Archive 
in 2008 with funding from 
Microsoft Corporation 


https://archive.org/details/nuntersofeuboeaO0Odiocrich 


DION CHRYSOSTOM 


THE HUNTERS OF EUBOEA 


WITH NOTES BY 


WILLIAM K. PRENTICE 


PRINCETON UNIVERSITY 


Experieris non Dianam magis montibus quam 
Minervam inerrare. 
Putny, Ep. I. 6. 


Boston 
ALLYN AND BACON 
1897 


CopyricuT, 1897, By 


WILLIAM K. PRENTICE 


« «ε 
ε ee s¢ Φ ὁ « 
ε«ε O50) 6.8 ε 
C6 ἰδ ve 8 
© © «ὁ © 
©. etee « 
ΣΝ, ee ee 
e ew ave of πε: 
e,° ee e808 . 


Norwood press 


J. 5. Cushing & Co. — Berwick & Smith 
Norwood Mass. U.S.A. 


INTRODUCTION 





Tue text here presented is a part of Oration VU. 
of Dion Chrysostom, on the miseries of city life. 
The formal discussion of this theme is confined 
to the second half of the oration, and has been 
omitted from this book. There remains the story 
of the hunters of Euboea, used by the orator to 
introduce the subsequent argument, and yet in- 
tended to be, like Hogarth’s paintings, an argument 
in itself. 

Dion, the son of Pasicrates, was born in Prusa 
of Bithynia, about the year 40 a.p. The Emperor 
Cocceius Nerva honored him with the name of 
Cocceianus; his admirers called him Chrysostom, 
or Golden-mouthed, distinguishing him from his 
grandson Dion Cassius, the historian. His parents 
were of the noblest families in Prusa, and not only 
gave him a careful education, but secured for him 
a prominent position when he became of age. 
Perhaps he was too impetuous or too sharp-tongued, 
for he soon drew upon himself the disfavor of his 

iii 


A 4 =f 


411490 


1V INTRODUCTION 


fellow-townsmen. He felt obliged to leave home, 
and settled for a time in Egypt, and afterwards, 
during the reign of Vespasian or of Titus, in Rome, 
where he became intimate with the members of the 
royal household.} 

Dion was exiled by Domitian. At the beginning 
of Oration XII. he says: “It was my misfortune 
to be banished for my reputed friendship with a 
man? who was no scoundrel, but was rich and akin 
to the emperor, and lost his life on that account.” 
After the death of Domitian he was recalled to 
court by Nerva, who was his personal friend. Trajan 
admired him also, and once, riding with the orator 
in the emperor’s chariot, said to him: “I do not 
know what you say; but I love you as myself.”8 
In his old age Dion returned to his native town of 
Prusa, for which he had already obtained many bene- 
fits through his influence at the capital, and there 
he seems to have lived until his death about 117 a.p. 

In his exile Dion travelled widely, disguising him- 
self in a beggar’s dress, his only baggage two books, 
Plato’s Phaedo and Demosthenes’ Oration on the E'm- 
bassy; and collected on his travels much of the ma- 


1 Arno Breitung: Das Leben des Dio Chrysostomus, 
Progr. Gebweiler, 1887. 

2 Probably Flavius Sabinus, who was killed in 82 A.p. 

8 Philostratus. 


INTRODUCTION Vv 








terials for his later works. For he was a rhetorician 
by profession, and, like Cleombrotus the Spartan, 
“eollected history as the material for philosophy, the 
end of which is ‘theology,’ as he called it.” Seventy- 
nine of these works are extant. They are called 
orations: they are rather lectures, on travel, on 
mythology, on literary and artistic criticism, on 
ethics, and on religion.! Some, like the Praise of 
the Gnat, and the Proof that Troy was never Cap- 
tured, betray the sophist in him. But later in his 
life he forswore sophistry and avowed himself a 
philosopher, an eclectic like most of his contem- 
poraries, but inclining towards the school of the 
Cynics,? as his orations on Diogenes show. Finally 
he was a moralist, a “lay preacher” as he has been 
called, and harangued, in the various cities to which 
he came, against the vices and follies of the age. 
In this last-mentioned réle Dion wrote Oration 
VII. He seems to address himself particularly to 
the Greeks, whose circumstances were very different 
from those of their ancestors in the classical period. 
Greece was now only a Roman province. Its popu- 
lation was vastly diminished because of the multi- 
tudes who had gone to build the new cities founded 
1 Paul Hagen: Quaestiones Dioneae, Diss. Kiel, 1887. 


2Ernest Weber: De Dione Chrysostomo Cynicorum 
Sectatore, Diss. Leipzig, 1887. 


v1 INTRODUCTION 





by Alexander and his successors, and because of the 
desolating civil wars which followed the breaking 
up of the Macedonian empire. Enormous fortunes 
had been made in the East; while those who had 
remained at home were impoverished. Money was 
concentrated in the hands of a few. A total change 
of manners ensued: the rich became luxurious, the 
poor hardened, and the sharpest lines between classes 
were drawn. The rich were forced to bear the bur- 
dens of the government and to subsidize the poor 
in order to keep them in check. Election to office 
meant misfortune if not ruin. On the other hand, 
the common people, dependent on these subsidies, 
had become idle, restless, and greedy. So far as 
self-government was allowed to the Greek cities, the 
proletariat ruled, under the leadership of unscrupu- 
lous demagogues. Lastly, the population was massed 
in the cities. This was perhaps the greatest evil 
of all, and has become notorious in our own time. 
It led to two immediate results,—the blighting of 
the country districts and the congestion of city life. 

These evils, discussed in the remainder of the 
piece, are mirrored in our story. No one believes that 
the story is an account of facts, although its author 
begins with what Mr. Mahaffy calls “the traditional 
falsehood of all good story-tellers, that the thing 
actually happened to himself.” Some of his charac- 


INTRODUCTION Vill 





ters are idealized, and the contrasts which he draws 
are certainly extreme. But if his hunters are less 
true to life than the shepherds of Theocritus, they 
are not less entertaining, although created with a 
nobler purpose than to entertain the idlers of an 
idle court; and the scenes described give a fair 
impression of certain characteristics of that age, 
corresponding very nearly to what may be learned 
from Plutarch and the journeys of St. Paul. 

In the main the author’s narrative is easily 
understood. His style is simple and direct. With 
the so-called Atticists he sought to revive the classic 
standard of language. His words are used com- 
monly in their classical signification, while idioms 
peculiar to post-classical Greek are to a large degree 
avoided. The middle voice, the optative mood, the 
negative ov, and even the dual, are employed. Wil- 
helm Christ, in his History of Greek Literature, gives 
this criticism: “Dion was not accounted by Philos- 
tratus and the critics of sophistry among the first 
great lights of sophistical eloquence; he lacked their 
brilliant phrases; he had too much philosophical 
intent and unadorned fidelity to nature. Yet as a 
stylist he is not to be despised; he took as his model 
the clear simplicity of Xenophon, and realized this 
happily in the stories and fables which are intro- 


duced into his works.” 


vill INTRODUCTION 





The aim of this little book has been to make a 
very charming bit of Greek prose! accessible to 
those who may have the opportunity to wander a 
little from the ordinary track of classical studies. 
Inasmuch as such reading is likely to be in the 
nature of an extra course, the effort has been made 
to present the Greek in the simplest form possible. 
In the main the text is that of J. von Arnim, Berlin, 
1893-96. The editions of Reiske, Leipzig, 1798, and 
Morel, containing the scholia of Casaubon and the 
Latin translation of Nageorgus (Kirchmaier), Paris, 
1604, as well as Geel’s edition of Oration XII., 
Leyden, 1840, and the German translation of this 
piece by Golisch (Programm), Schweidnitz, 1883, have 
also been of service. My indebtedness to the works 
mentioned on page 32 may be estimated from the 
frequency of the references to them in the notes. 
Exceptions which have been taken to von Arnim’s 
text have been chiefly by way of closer adherence 
to the manuscripts themselves, and all important 
differences have been mentioned. Explanations of 
the difficulties and allusions of the text, together 
with the meanings of unusual words, have been 
given, and examples of Dion’s Atticism noticed. 
Lastly, in matters of syntax, very full grammatical 
references have been furnished. 


1 American Journal of Philology, Vol. XIV., p. 521 f. 


INTRODUCTION 1x 





Three books deserve especial mention to the stu- 
dents of Dion Chrysostom. These are J. P. Mahaffy: 
The Greek World under Roman Sway, London, 1890; 
Erwin Rohde: Der Griechische Roman und_ seine 
Vorldufer, Leipzig, 1876; and Wilhelm Schmid: Der 
Atticismus in seinen Hauptvertretern von Dionysius von 
Halikarnass bis auf den zweiten Philostratus, Stuttgart, 
1887-96. 

Finally, I wish to express my thanks to Professor 
S. R. Winans, at whose suggestion this work was 
undertaken, and by whose advice it has profited 


throughout. 


Ws Me Be 
PRINCETON, N.J., March, 1897. 





CHAPTER I 
THE SHIPWRECK 


Dion apologizes for telling of a personal experience. 


ΤΌΔΕ μὴν αὐτὸς ἰδών, ov παρ᾽ ἑτέρων ἀκούσας 

7) ’ ἢ 

διηγήσομαι. ἴσως γὰρ οὐ μόνον πρεσβυτικὸν 

πολυλογία καὶ τὸ μηδένα διωθεῖσθαι ῥᾳδίως 

τῶν ἐμπιπτόντων λόγων, πρὸς δὲ τῷ πρεσβυ- 
Η Tot EP Ἐπ: 

“ XN xX Μ \ > / xv / 
τικῷ τυχὸν ἂν εἴη Kal ἀλητικόν. αἴτιον δέ, 
ὅτι πολλὰ τυχὸν ἀμφότεροι πεπόνθασιν, ὧν 

> > lal / » “ » > ivf > 
οὐκ ἀηδῶς μέμνηνται. ἐρῶ δ᾽ οὖν οἵοις ἀν- 
δράσι καὶ ὅντινα βίον ζῶσι συνέβαλον ἐν μέσῃ 
σχεδόν τι τῇ ᾿Εἰλλάδι. 


Dion is wrecked on the coast of Eubea. The crew go off 
by themselves, and he is left alone. 


> Ψ \ > \ z 4 / 
Ἐτύγχανον μὲν ἀπὸ Χίου περαιούμενος μετά 

ς / y a A “ > a 

τινων ἁλιέων ἔξω τῆς θερινῆς ὥρας ἐν μικρῷ 
παντελῶς ἀκατίῳ. χειμῶνος δὲ γενομένου χα- 
λεπῶς καὶ μόλις διεσώθημεν πρὸς τὰ κοῖλα τῆς 
Εὐβοίας: τὸ μὲν δὴ ἀκάτιον εἰς τραχύν τινα 

> A lal 
αἰγιαλὸν ὑπὸ τοῖς κρημνοῖς ἐκβαλόντες διέ. 
Β 1 


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15 


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20 


ἣν ΔΙΏΝΟΣ. ΤΟΥ ΧΡΥΣΟΣΤΟΜΟΥ͂ 


φθειραν, αὐτοὶ δὲ ἀπεχώρησαν πρός τινας πορ- 

a ς a aN an 7 an 
φυρεῖς ὑφορμοῦντας ἐπὶ TH πλησίον χηλῇ, 
κἀκείνοις συνεργάζεσθαι διενοοῦντο αὐτοῦ μέ- 
νοντες. καταλειφθεὶς δὴ μόνος, οὐκ ἔχων εἰς 
τίνα πόλιν σωθήσομαι, παρὰ τὴν θάλατταν 
ἄλλως ἐπλανώμην, εἴ πού τινας ἢ παραπλέ- 


v 


ovTas ἢ ὁρμοῦντας ἴδοιμι. 


He finds a deer at the foot of the cliff. Soon a hunter 
appears on the scene. 


Προεληλυθὼς δὲ συχνὸν ἀνθρώπων μὲν οὐδέ- 
e/ 3 / \ 2 , \ x 
va ἑώρων" ἐπιτυγχάνω δὲ ἐλάφῳ νεωστὶ κατὰ 
τοῦ κρημνοῦ πεπτωκότι παρ᾽ αὐτὴν τὴν ῥαχίαν, 
ὑπὸ τῶν κυμάτων παιομένῳ, φυσῶντι ἔτι. καὶ 
: Ape , », ς A > a n ” 
μετ᾽ ὀλίγον ἔδοξα ὑλακῆς ἀκοῦσαι κυνῶν ἄνω- 
, \ Ἁ 9 ast > \ A / 
θεν μόλις πως διὰ τὸν ἦχον TOV ἀπὸ τῆς θαλάτ- 
της. προελθὼν δὲ καὶ προβὰς πάνυ χαλεπῶς 
/ ς \ 7 ΄ id a 3 7 
πρὸς τι ὑψηλὸν TOUS τε κύνας OPW ἡπορημένους 
καὶ διαθέοντας, ὑφ᾽ ὧν εἴκαζον ἀποβιασθὲν τὸ 
ζῷον ἁλέσθαι κατὰ τοῦ κρημνοῦ, καὶ μετ᾽ OAL 
ΐ ρημνοῦ, καὶ per’ ὁ 
7 4 » \ a " \ a 
γον ἄνδρα, κυνηγέτην ἀπὸ τῆς ὄψεως Kal τῆς 
lol \ / ς A La) 3 id 
στολῆς, TA γένεια ὑγιῆ, κομῶντα οὐ φαύλως 
οὐδὲ ἀγεννῶς ἐξόπισθεν, οἵους ἐπὶ Ἴλιον “Opn- 
ρός φησιν ἐλθεῖν Εὐβοέας, σκώπτων, ἐμοὶ δο- 


κεῖν, καὶ καταγελῶν, ὅτι τῶν ἄλλων ᾿Αχαιῶν 


KYTNHTOZ 3 





r ’ / e \ > e / » / \ 
καλῶς ἐχόντων of δὲ ἐξ ἡμίσους ἐκόμων. καὶ 
ὃς ἀνηρώτα με, ᾿Αλλ᾽ ἢ, ὦ ξεῖνε, τῇδέ που 
φεύγοντα ἔλαφον κατενόησας ; κἀγὼ πρὸς av- 
τόν, ᾿Εκεῖνος, ἔφην, ἐν τῷ κλύδωνι ἤδη" καὶ 
> \ Μ e 7 οὶ ᾽ \ 2 » 
ἀγαγὼν ἔδειξα. ἑλκύσας οὖν αὐτὸν ἐκ τῆς 
θαλάττης τό τε δέρμα ἐξέδειρε μαχαίρᾳ, κἀμοῦ 

ἢ pHa ε pe μαχαιρᾷ, Kap 
, e @ ) i \ - al 
ξυλλαμβάνοντος ὅσον οἷος τε ἦν, καὶ TOV σκελῶν 


» \ \ 9 > / [χ4 “ / 
ἀποτεμὼν Ta ὀπίσθια ἐκόμιζεν ἅμα τῷ δέρματι. 


The hunter invites Dion to his house. 


Παρεκάλει δὲ κἀμὲ συνακολουθεῖν καὶ συνε- 
στιᾶσθαι τῶν κρεῶν: εἶναι δὲ οὐ μακρὰν τὴν 
Μ » « » [4 A »” 
οἴκησιν. "Ἑπειτα ἕωθεν παρ᾽ ἡμῖν, ἔφη, κοιμη- 
θ \ “ 3 Ἁ \ U e “ n > 
els ἥξεις ἐπὶ τὴν θάλατταν, ὡς TA γε νῦν οὐκ 
ἔστι πλόϊμα. καὶ μὴ τοῦτο, εἶπε, φοβηθῆς. 

/ Fe i yy \ Ἂς / Ὁ / 

βουλοίμην δ᾽ av ἔγωγε Kal μετὰ πέντε ἡμέρας 
λῆξαι τὸν ἄνεμον - ἀλλ᾽ οὐ ῥάδιον, εἶπεν, ὅταν 
4“ “Ὁ \ v A > / e ἈΝ la) 
οὕτως πιεσθῇ Ta ἄκρα τῆς Εὐβοίας ὑπὸ τῶν 

» A »“ / ς a 4 [14 
νεφῶν ὥς γε νῦν κατειλημμένα ὁρᾷς. Kal ἅμα 
» / ς / \ ἌΟΡ > a 4 
ἠρώτα με ὁπόθεν δὴ καὶ ὅπως ἐκεῖ κατηνέχθην, 
καὶ εἰ μὴ διεφθάρη τὸ πλοῖον. Μικρὸν ἣν 

A 4 ς / nw / 

παντελῶς, ἔφην, αλιέων τινῶν “περαιουμενων, 
» \ ,ὔ / ς \ lal 
κἀγὼ μόνος ξυνέπλεον ὑπὸ σπουδῆς τινος. διε- 

/ a of 3 \ \ A » / 7 
φθάρη δ᾽ ὅμως ἐπὶ τὴν γῆν ἐκπεσόν. Οὔκουν 
ῥάδιον, ἔφη, ἄλλως. ὅρα γὰρ ὡς ἄγρια καὶ 


10 


15 


20 


10 


15 


20 


4 ΔΙΏΝΟΣ TOT ΧΡΥΣΟΣΤΟΜΟΥ 





\ a A Ἂ \ \ / aA» 
σκληρὰ τῆς νήσου τὰ πρὸς TO πέλαγος. Ταῦτ᾽, 
εἶπεν, ἐστὶ τὰ κοῖλα τῆς Εὐβοίας λεγόμενα, 
ὅπου κατενεχθεῖσα ναῦς οὐκ ἂν ἔτι σωθείη " 

,ὔ Ν 4 \ nr 5» , / 
σπανίως δὲ σῴζονται Kal τῶν ἀνθρώπων τινές, 
2 Ν " ef e a ’ \ A 
εἰ μὴ apa, ὥσπερ ὑμεῖς, ἐλαφροὶ παντελῶς 
πλέοντες. ἀλλ᾽ ἴθι καὶ μηδὲν δείσῃς. νῦν μὲν 
ἐκ τῆς κακοπαθείας ἀνακτήσῃ σαυτόν" εἰς αὔριον 
δέ. “ XN Ὧν ὃ If 5 a / θ e/ 

é, ὅτι ἂν ἢ δυνατόν, ἐπιμελησόμεθα ὅπως 
A ͵ - 
σωθῇς, ἐπειδή σε ἔγνωμεν ἅπαξ. δοκεῖς δὲ 

a “ 3 VA 
μοι TOV ἀστικῶν εἶναί τις, οὐ ναύτης οὐδ᾽ 

\ a 
ἐργάτης, ἀλλὰ ἄλλην τινὰ ἀσθένειαν τοῦ σώ- 


a \ A 
patos ἀσθενεῖν ἔοικας ἀπὸ τῆς ἰσχνότητος. 


And Dion accepts without apprehension, for he has found 
that poverty is a good passport. 
"Eye δὲ ἄσμενος ἠκολούθουν " ov yap ἐπιβου- 
λευθῆναί ποτε ἔδεισα, οὐδὲν ἔχων ἢ φαῦλον 
\ 

ἱμάτιον. καὶ πολλάκις μὲν δὴ Kal ἄλλοτε 
3 / ’ la UA a ω Ξ ” 

ἐπειράθην ἐν τοῖς τοιούτοις καιροῖς, ἅτε ἐν AAT 

al 9S \ 

συνεχεῖ, ἀτὰρ οὖν δὴ Kal τότε ὡς ἔστι πενία 
a a ὁ ΠΥ ¢ \ \ 4 ne \ 7) \ 

χρῆμα τῷ ὄντι ἱερὸν καὶ ἄσυλον, καὶ οὐδεὶς 

a e 3 , 

ἀδικεῖ, πολύ γε ἧττον ἢ τοὺς τὰ κηρύκεια 
A r , 5 

ἔχοντας " ὡς δὴ καὶ τότε θαρρῶν εἱπόμην. ἢν 
/ \ 

δὲ σχεδόν τι περὶ τετταράκοντα στάδια πρὸς 


τὸ χωρίον. 


KYNHTOS Ὁ 





CHAPTER II 
THE HUNTER’S STORY 


As they walk to the house the hunter talks to Dion about 
himself; his one neighbor, who is his brother-in-law ; 
their parents, and the circumstances of their early life. 
‘Os οὖν ἐβαδίζομεν, διηγεῖτό μοι κατὰ τὴν 

eQ\ \ e “ / \ \ / ἃ yy 

ὁδὸν τὰ αὑτοῦ πράγματα καὶ τὸν βίον ὃν ἐζη 
μετὰ γυναικὸς αὐτοῦ καὶ παίδων. 

Ἡμεῖς γάρ, ἔφη. δύο ἐσμέν, ὦ ξένε, τὸν 
αὐτὸν οἰκοῦντες τόπον. ἔχομεν δὲ γυναῖκας 
ἀλλήλων ἀδελφὰς καὶ παῖδας ἐξ αὐτῶν υἱοὺς 

\ / A \ > \ / ς \ 
καὶ θυγατέρας. ζῶμεν δὲ ἀπὸ θήρας ws τὸ 

fe r Qn 

πολύ, μικρόν TL τῆς γῆς ἐπεργαζόμενοι. τὸ 

γὰρ χωρίον οὐκ ἔστιν ἡμέτερον, οὔτε πατρῷον 

A ξ al > / b) Wis e / 
οὔτε ἡμεῖς ἐκτησάμεθα, ἀλλὰ ἦσαν οἱ πατέρες 
con 5) 7 7 7, \ » - Ck es 
ἡμῶν ἐλεύθεροι μέν. πένητες OE οὐχ ἧττον ἡμῶν, 

ral / al 7 > \ / 
μισθοῦ βουκόλοι, βοῦς νέμοντες ἀνδρὸς μακαρίου 
an b] / \ » an / \ \ 
τῶν ἐνθένδε τινὸς ἐκ τῆς νήσου, πολλὰς μὲν 

» VA a Ὁ \ n / 

ἀγέλας καὶ ἵππων καὶ βοῶν κεκτημένου, TOA- 

λὰς δὲ ποίμνας, καλοὺς δὲ καὶ πολλοὺς ἀγρούς, 

πολλὰ δὲ ἄλλα χρήματα, ξύμπαντα δὲ ταῦτα 

\ ” ᾿ \ » / \ A > / 
Ta ὄρη. ov δὴ ἀποθανόντος καὶ τῆς οὐσίας 


δημευθείσης (φασὶ δὲ καὶ αὐτὸν ἀπολέσθαι διὰ 


10 


1ὅ 


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15 


20 


6 AIQNOS TOY ΧΡΥΣΟΣΤΟΜΟΥ͂ 





τὰ χρήματα ὑπὸ τοῦ βασιλέως) τὴν μὲν ἀγέλην 
’ \ > / ef / \ \ fal 

εὐθὺς ἀπήλασαν, ὥστε κατακόψαι, πρὸς δὲ TH 
» , \ \ e 7] 5 / \ \ 

ἀγέλῃ καὶ Ta ἡμέτερα ἄττα βοίδια, καὶ τὸν 

Ν 
μισθὸν οὐδεὶς ἀποδέδωκεν. τότε μὲν δὴ ἐξ 
A / 
ἀνάγκης αὐτοῦ κατεμείναμεν, οὗπερ ἐτύχομεν 
A / 
Tas βοῦς ἔχοντες καί τινας σκηνὰς πεποιημένοι 
\ A / ’ 

καὶ αὐλὴν διὰ ξύλων οὐ μεγάλην οὐδὲ ἰσχυράν, 
/ 

μόσχων ἕνεκεν, ὡς AV οἶμαι πρὸς αὐτό που TO 

θέρος. τοῦ μὲν γὰρ χειμῶνος ἐν τοῖς πεδίοις 
Sf \ id \ + \ \ \ 

ἐνέμομεν, νομὴν ἱκανὴν ἔχοντες καὶ πολὺν χιλὸν 
᾿] / aA \ / » yd ’ A 

ἀποκείμενον " τοῦ δὲ θέρους ἀπηλαύνομεν εἰς TA 
SYA 7 ’ ’ 4 A Nf Xx 

ὄρη. μάλιστα δ᾽ ἐν τούτῳ τῷ τόπῳ σταθμὸν 


ἐποιοῦντο. 


The farm. 


To τε yap χωρίον ἀπόρρυτον ἑκατέρωθεν, 
aA A 
φάραγξ βαθεῖα καὶ σύσκιος, καὶ διὰ μέσου 
ποταμὸς οὐ τραχύς, GAN ὡς ῥᾷστος ἐμβῆναι 
μ ραχύς, pe μβῆ 
Ν 
καὶ βουσὶ καὶ μόσχοις, τὸ δὲ ὕδωρ πολὺ καὶ 
Ὁ an a > \ 3 , \ 
καθαρόν, ἅτε τῆς πηγῆς ἐγγὺς ἀναδιδούσης, καὶ 
A A 7, oN 7 \ a , 
πνεῦμα τοῦ θέρους ἀεὶ διαπνέον διὰ τῆς Papary- 
“ / ὃ \ \ \ 
γος " οἵ τε περικείμενοι δρυμοὶ μαλακοὶ καὶ 
3 
KATAppUTOL, ἥκιστα μὲν οἶστρον τρέφοντες, 
’ \ 
ἥκιστα δὲ ἄλλην τινὰ βλάβην βουσί. πολλοὶ 
ΩΣ Ν al \ 
δὲ καὶ πάγκαλοι λειμῶνες ὑπὸ ὑψηλοῖς τε καὶ 


ΚΥΝΗΓΟΣ Ἷ 


ἴοι. Ὁ ANI ase See BS ye tee ceo ee ἊΝ 
ἀραιοῖς δένδρεσιν ἀνειμένοι, καὶ πάντα μεστὰ 

fal ¢ A / \ 
βοτάνης εὐθαλοῦς δι’ ὅλου τοῦ θέρους, ὥστε μὴ 
πολὺν πλανᾶσθαι τόπον. ὧν δὴ ἕνεκα συνήθως 


>] Lal / \ > , 
ἐκεῖ καθίστασαν τὴν ἀγέλην. 


A farmer’s life—in summer. 


/ A an 3 
Kal τότε ἔμειναν ἐν ταῖς σκηναῖς. μέχρι av 
e / A, “ἢ \ U 
εὕρωσι μισθόν τινα ἢ ἔργον, καὶ διετράφησαν 
ἀπὸ χωρίου μικροῦ παντελῶς, ὃ ἔτυχον εἰρ- 
γασμένοι πλησίον τοῦ σταθμοῦ" τοῦτό τε 
ἐπήρκεσεν αὐτοῖς ἱκανῶς, ἅτε κόπρου πολλῆς 
> ΄ Ν \ BA » Ἂς a an 
ἐνούσης. Kal σχολὴν ἄγοντες ἀπὸ τῶν βοῶν 
Ν ΄ f 
πρὸς θήραν ἐτράπησαν, TO μὲν αὐτοί; τὸ δὲ 
καὶ μετὰ κυνῶν. δύο γὰρ τῶν ἑπομένων ταῖς 
/ 95 id an 
βουσίν, ὡς δὴ μακρὰν ἦσαν οὐχ ὁρῶντες τοὺς 
νομεῖς, ὑπέστρεψαν ἐπὶ τὸν τόπον καταλι- 
\ ia \ rn 
πόντες τὴν ἀγέλην. οὗτοι TO μὲν πρῶτον 
7 a 
συνηκολούθουν αὐτοῖς, ὥσπερ ἐπ᾽ ἄλλο τί: καὶ 
\ \ ys ς , » 2Q/ 7 
τοὺς μὲν λύκους ὁπότε ἴδοιεν, ἐδίωκον μέχρι 
/ fal xX “ 
τινός, συῶν δὲ ἢ ἐλάφων οὐδὲν αὐτοῖς ἔμελεν. 
> “ " an 2 , 5 Ν \ 
εἰ δέ ποτε ἴδοιεν τῶν ἀνθρώπων τινα OE καὶ 
4, Ul 
πρῴ, συνιστάμενοι UAGKTOUY TE καὶ ἤμυνον, 
4 xXx 
ὥσπερ ἂν εἰ πρὸς ἄνθρωπον ἐμάχοντο. γευό- 
\ lal “ἶ \ A 5 ee / \ 
μενοι δὲ TOD αἵματος Kal συῶν Kai ἐλάφων καὶ 


τῶν κρεῶν πολλάκις ἐσθίοντες, ὀψὲ μεταμαν- 


10 


15 


20 


σι 


10 


15 


20 


8 AIONOZ TOT ΧΡΥΣΟΣΤΟΜΟΥ͂ 


/ / > \ / {4 rn \ 
θάνοντες κρέασιν ἀντὶ μάζης ἥδεσθαι. TOV μὲν 
5 VA ” ¢ / ¢e / \ / 
ἐμπιμπλάμενοι, EL ποτε ἁλοίη TL, ὁπότε δὲ μή, 

a a “Ὁ if - 
πεινῶντες, μᾶλλον ἤδη τῷ τοιούτῳ προσεῖχον; 
Ν / a ς 
καὶ τὸ φαινόμενον ἐδίωκον πᾶν ὁμοίως, καὶ 
’ fol 
ὀσμῆς ἁμῃγέπῃ καὶ ἴχνους ἠσθάνοντο, καὶ 
fal ’ 
ἀπέβησαν ἀντὶ βουκόλων τοιοῦτοί τινες Oe- 


μαθεῖς καὶ βραδύτεροι θηρευταί. 


— And in winter. 


Χειμῶνος δὲ ἐπελθόντος ἔργον μὲν οὐδὲν ἣν 
Ν » a » > yy la ” 
πεφηνὸς αὐτοῖς, οὔτε εἰς ἄστυ καταβᾶσιν οὔτε 
᾿ , ΄, ,ὔ ΕΟ ΠΑ \ 
εἰς κώμην τινά. φραξάμενοι δὲ τὰς σκηνὰς 
\ \ 
ἐπιμελέστερον καὶ τὴν αὐλὴν πυκνοτέραν ποιή- 
σαντες, οὕτως διεγένοντο, καὶ τὸ χωρίον ἐκεῖνο 
a) ul A 
πᾶν εἰργάσαντο, καὶ τῆς θήρας ἡ χειμερινὴ 
7 , 
ῥάων ἐγίγνετο. τὰ yap iyvn φανερώτερα; ὡς 
xX > e Le Lo b] / , e N \ 
ἂν ἐν ὑγρῷ τῷ ἐδάφει σημαινόμενα " ἡ δὲ χιὼν 
\ / (ol / [2 > \ Lal 
καὶ πάνυ τηλαυγῆ παρέχει, ὥστε οὐδὲν δεῖ 
n ig “ 
ζητοῦντα πράγματα ἔχειν, ὥσπερ ὁδοῦ φερούσης 
» ᾽ Ρ] / \ \ / a / ig , 
ἐπ᾽ αὐτά, καὶ τὰ θηρία μᾶλλόν τι ὑπομένει 
5 A Μ 2) oF \ \ \ / 
ὀκνοῦντα" ἔστι δ᾽ ἔτι Kal λαγὼς καὶ δορκάδας 
5 “Ὁ > a / γι \ x 
ἐν ταῖς εὐναῖς καταλαμβάνειν. οὕτως δὴ TO 
> eda ad / / »Q\ » / 
ἀπ᾽ ἐκείνου διέμειναν, οὐδὲν ἔτι προσδεηθέντες 
ἄλλου βίου. καὶ ἡμῖν συνέζευξαν γυναῖκας 


A > / es « \ (¢ na 
τοῖς ἀλλήλων υἱέσιν ἑκάτερος THY αὑτοῦ θυγα- 


KYNHTO> 9 





/, / Ἃ ᾽ / / / 
τέρα. τεθνήκασι δὲ ἀμφότεροι πέρυσι σχεδόν, 
ἃ , 
τὰ μὲν ἔτη πολλὰ λέγοντες ἃ βεβιώκεσαν, 
A \ / 
ἰσχυροὶ δὲ ἔτι καὶ νέοι Kal γενναῖοι τὰ σώματα. 


lal \ 
τῶν δὲ μητέρων ἡ ἐμὴ περίεστιν. 


CHAPTER. III 
THE TOWN MEETING 
The hunter continues his story. —Once he received a visit 


from the tax-collector, and was summoned to appear 
in court. 


---. 


«ς \ 4 [2 e A ᾽ 7 5 
Ο μὲν οὖν ἕτερος ἡμῶν οὐδεπώποτε εἰς 
/ 7 / » 4 }] \ 
πόλιν κατέβη, πεντήκοντα ἔτη γεγονώς - ἐγὼ 
Ν \ / ω \ ” a \ A 
δὲ dis μόνον, ‘a μὲν ἔτι παῖς μετὰ τοῦ 
¥ \ 
πατρός, ὁπηνίκα" Any ἀγέλην εἴχομεν. ὕστερον 
7 A >} 
δὲ ἧκέ τις ἀργύριον αἰτῶν, ὥσπερ" ἔχοντάς τι; 
A \ - 
κελεύων ἀκολουθεῖν εἰς τὴν πόλιν. ἡμῖν δὲ 
> Vd x >’ 9 > » » 7 I 
apyuplov μὲν οὐκ ἣν, ἀλλ ἀπωμοσάμην μὴ 
ἔχειν */ei δὲ μή, δεδωκέναι ἄν. ἐξενίσαμεν δὲ 
\ 
αὐτὸν ws ἐδυνάμεθα κάλλιστα, καὶ δύο ἐλάφεια 
δέ τ / > \ - i ᾽ \ 
ἕρματα ἐδώκαμεν' κἀγὼ ἠκολούθησα εἰς τὴν 


ἔ 
' 
δ᾽ 


z 


10. 


πόλιν. ἔφη γὰρ ἀνάγκην εἶναι τὸν ἕτερον 15 


ἐλθεῖν καὶ διδάξαι περὶ τούτων. 


& 
10 


15 


20 


10 AIQNOS TOY XPYZSOSTOMOY 


A countryman’ 8 description of the town, the court-house, 
and the court. 


3 9 ΄ ΄, 
Εἶδον οὖν, οἷα καὶ πρότερον, οἰκίας πολλὰς 

\ / \ - yy Γ 
καὶ μεγάλας καὶ τεῖχος ἔξωθεν καρτερὸν, καὶ 

’ / , ς \ \ / 3 
οἰκήματά τινα ὑψηλὰ καὶ τετράγωνα ἐν τῷ 

4 al 

τείχει (τοὺς πύργους), καὶ πλοῖα πολλὰ ὁρ- 
ἴω e/ » / 3 ἊΝ / Ν 
μοῦντα ὥσπερ ἐν λίμνῃ (ἐν τῷ λιμένι) κατὰ 
πολλὴν ἡσυχίαν. τοῦτο δὲ ἐνθάδε οὐκ ἔστιν 
3 a “ Lj \ \ A e 
οὐδαμοῦ, ὅπου KaTnveyOns* Kat διὰ τοῦτο αἱ 
n >’ , aA i CRF: \ \ 
νῆες ATONAVYTAL. ταῦτα οὖν EWPWY, καὶ πολυν 


BY 3 bd a A \ / 
ὄχλον ἐν ταὐτῷ συνειργμένον καὶ θόρυβον 


᾿ 3 7 \ / “ 3 \ 0. 7 
ἀμήχανον καὶ κραυγήν: ὥστε ἐμοὶ ἐδόκουν 


/ / 2 id BA 5 / 
πάντες μάχεσθαι ἀλλήλοις. ἄγει οὖν με πρὸς 
[ν 
S a ᾿ 7 
τινας ἄρχοντας, καὶ εἶπε γελῶν, Οὗτός ἐστιν, 
Skee 5 / Μ᾿ ᾽ \ > δ 
ἐφ᾽ ὅν με ἐπέμψατε. ἔχει δὲ οὐδὲν εἰ μή γε 
\ , \ \ , ’ a ΄ 2 
τὴν κόμην καὶ σκηνὴν μάλα ἰσχυρῶν ξύλων. 
\ 
οἱ δὲ ἄρχοντες εἰς TO θέατρον ἐβάδιζον, κἀγὼ 
\ ᾽ a \ \ / / 2 Ὁ Ay / 
σὺν αὐτοῖς. τὸ δὲ θέατρόν ἐστιν ὥσπερ φά- 
\ \ 
payé, κοῖλον, πλὴν οὐ μακρὸν ἑκατέρωθεν, ἀλλὰ 
4 ‘o} 95 e / > > / b] ’ 
στρογγύλον᾽ ἐξ ἡμίσους, οὐκ αὐτόματον, ἀλλ, 
> / / / / a 
ὠκοδομημένον λίθοις. ἴσως δέ μου καταγελᾷς; 
ὅτι σοι διηγοῦμαι σαφῶς εἰδότι ταῦτα. πρῶτον 
μὲν οὖν πολύν τινα χρόνον ἄλλα τινὰ ἔπραττεν 


Saf Seas J / \ \ / Δ, ἐπ x 
0 ὄχλος; καὶ ἐβόων ποτὲ μὲν πράως καὶ ἱλαροὶ 


ΚΥΝΗΓῸΟΣ ἜΤ" 


ee OOO 


/ > lal / \ \ / \ 
πάντες. ἐπαινοῦντές τινας, ποτὲ δὲ σφόδρα καὶ 
᾽ / i \ ἴω \ \ nr >] fn 
ὀργίλως. iv δὲ τοῦτο χαλεπὸν TO τῆς ὀργῆς 

> “ \ \ > / > \ 2 / 
αὐτῶν" καὶ τοὺς ἀνθρώπους εὐθὺς ἐξέπληττον 
οἷς ἀνέκραγον ὥστε οἱ μὲν αὐτῶν περιτρέχοντες 
> / e \ \ « Fd > / ¢e \ ἴω 
ἐδέοντο, οἱ δὲ τὰ ἱμάτια ἐρρίπτουν ὑπὸ τοῦ 

/ > \ \ \ δχον e/ > / Va 
φόβου. ἐγὼ δὲ καὶ αὐτὸς ἅπαξ ολύγου κατέ- 

ὌΡΣΙΟΝ A a Ψ 7] ΄ > , 
πεσον ὑπὸ τῆς κραυγῆς; ὥσπερ' κλύδωνος ἐξαί- 
Xx a > / A / 
duns ἢ βροντῆς ἐπιρραγείσης. ἄλλοι δέ τινες 
ἄνθρωποι παριόντες, οἱ δ᾽ ἐκ μέσων ἀνιστά- 
μενοι, διελέγοντο πρὸς τὸ πλῆθος, οἱ μὲν ὀλίγα 
Cn if; id \ \ / \ an \ 
ῥήματα, οἱ δὲ πολλοὺς λόγους. καὶ τῶν μὲν 

A / ΄ lal Ἂς ΟΝ 7 
ἤκουον πολύν τινα χρόνον, τοῖς δὲ ἐχαλέπαινον 


\ ἥ 3 
εὐθὺς φθεγξαμένοις καὶ οὐδὲ γρύζειν ἐπέτρεπον. 


po 


The trial. Argument for the prosecution: the hunters 
have grown rich on public lands ; they pay no taxes ; 
to allow this would be to establish a bad precedent ; 
they are probably bad characters; the defendant is 
trying to deceive the people by appearing before them 
dressed as if he were really poor. The hunter was 
badly frightened. 


Ἐπεὶ δὲ καθέστασάν ποτε Kal ἡσυχία ἐγέ- 
νετο, παρήγαγον κἀμέ. καὶ εἶπέ τις, Οὗτός 
ἐστιν, ὦ ἄνδρες, τῶν καρπουμένων τὴν δημοσίαν 
γῆν πολλὰ ἔτη, οὐ μόνος αὐτός, ἀλλὰ καὶ ὁ 


\ fal / 
πατὴρ αὐτοῦ πρότερον, Kal κατανέμουσι τὰ 


10 


10 


15 


20 


25 


12 AIQNOZ TOT XPTZOZTOMOT 


ἡμέτερα ὄρη Kal γεωργοῦσι καὶ θηρεύουσι καὶ 
> / 3 / x \ 5 / 
οἰκίας ἐνῳκοδομήκασι πολλὰς καὶ ἀμπέλους 
ἐμπεφυτεύκασι καὶ ἄλλα πολλὰ ἔχουσιν ἀγαθά, 
bd \ / » Ν A a » 
οὔτε τιμὴν καταβαλόντες οὐδενὶ τῆς γῆς οὔτε 
\ \ na ΄ ΄ ς \ / 
δωρεὰν παρὰ Tov δήμου λαβόντες. ὑπὲρ τίνος 
Ν xX ΝᾺ », Ἂν \ ς / \ 
yap av καὶ ἔλαβον ; ἔχοντες δὲ τὰ ἡμέτερα καὶ 
πλουτοῦντες οὔτε λειτουργίαν πώποτε ἐλειτούρ- 
γησαν οὐδεμίαν οὔτε μοῖράν τινα ὑποτελοῦσι 
Lal / > > » Aa \ » 4 
τῶν γιγνομένων, ANN ἀτελεῖς καὶ ANELTOUPYNTOL 
διατελοῦσιν, ὥσπερ εὐεργέται τῆς πόλεως. 
οἶμαι δέ, ἔφη, μηδὲ ἐληλυθέναι πώποτε αὐτοὺς 
ἐνθάδε. κἀγὼ ἀνένευσα. ὁ δὲ ὄχλος ἐγέλασεν, 
ε . \ ς ,ὔ > a 3 ΄ Stes A 
ὡς εἶδε. καὶ ὁ λέγων ἐκεῖνος ὠργίσθη ἐπὶ τῷ 
} / 3 lal » 3 Ξ 
γέλωτι, καί μοι ἐλοιδορεῖτο. ἔπειτα ETTLOTPE- 
ΟῚ 5 yy - a Ὁ“ » Ἃ 
was, Ei οὖν, ἔφη, δοκεῖ ταῦτα οὕτως, οὐκ ἂν 
φθάνοιμεν ἅπαντες τὰ κοινὰ διαρπάσαντες, οἱ 
\ \ J A } Ὁ“ > / \ 
μὲν TA χρήματα τῆς πόλεως, ὥσπερ ἀμέλει καὶ 
νῦν ποιοῦσί τινες, οἱ δὲ τὴν χώραν κατανειμά- 
\ al - 
μενοι μὴ πείσαντες ὑμᾶς, ἐὰν ἐπιτρέψητε τοῖς 
θηρίοις τούτοις προῖκα ἔχειν πλέον ἢ χίλια 
/ A a 5 / Ψ ἘΣ τὺ yA a 
πλέθρα γῆς THs ἀρίστης, ὅθεν ὑμῖν ἐστι τρεῖς 
χοίνικας ᾿Αττικὰς σίτου λαμβάνειν κατ᾽ ἄνδρα. 
» \ \ » 4 > / “ 3 / 4 
ἐγὼ δὲ ἀκούσας ἐγέλασα ὅσον ἐδυνάμην μέγι- 
\ \ a Pee 7 ν 5. 2 ee 
στον. τὸ δὲ πλῆθος οὐκέτ᾽ ἐγέλων, ὥσπερ 


πρότερον, ἀλλ᾽ ἐθορύβουν. ὁ δὲ ἄνθρωπος (ὁ 


KYNHTO> 13 





ῥήτωρ) ἐχαλέπαινε, καὶ δεινὸν ἐμβλέψας εἰς 
5. 3 ς A \ > / \ \ ef 
ἐμὲ εἶπεν, Opate τὴν εἰρωνείαν καὶ τὴν ὕβριν 
τοῦ καθάρματος, ὡς καταγελᾷ πάνυ θρασέως ; 
A > / 2 / / \ \ \ 5) rn 
ὃν ἀπάγειν ὀλίγου δέω Kal TOV κοινωνὸν αὐτοῦ. 
/ \ / 3 \ / val 
πυνθάνομαι yap δύο εἶναι τοὺς κορυφαίους τῶν 
, Ὁ ‘ \ > a Μ 
κατειληφότων ἅπασαν σχεδὸν τὴν ἐν τοῖς ὄρεσι 
χώραν. οἶμαι γὰρ αὐτοὺς μηδὲ τῶν ναυαγίων 
ἀπέχεσθαι τῶν ἑκάστοτε ἐκπιπτόντων, ὑπὲρ 
/ lal 
αὐτὰς σχεδόν τι τὰς Καφηρίδας οἰκοῦντας. 
rn J A 
πόθεν yap οὕτως πολυτελεῖς ἀγρούς, μᾶλλον 
/ rn 
δὲ ὅλας κώμας κατεσκευάσαντο Kal τοσοῦτον 
A VA 
πλῆθος βοσκημάτων καὶ ζεύγη καὶ ἀνδράποδα; 
Ν e a ef e ral > al \ » / id 
καὶ ὑμεῖς δὲ ἴσως ὁρᾶτε αὐτοῦ τὴν ἐξωμίδα ws 
ἃ 7 A 
φαύλη, καὶ τὸ δέρμα, ὃ ἐλήλυθε δεῦρο ἐναψάμε- 
νος τῆς ὑμετέρας ἕνεκεν ἀπάτης, ὡς πτωχὸς 
/ \ 3 \ 7 » \ \ 7 7 
δηλονότι Kal οὐδὲν ἔχων. ἐγὼ μὲν yap, ἐφη: 
/ Shue la} / “ 3 \ 
βλέπων αὐτὸν μικροῦ δέδοικα, ὥσπερ οἶμαι TOV 
Ναύπλιον ὁρῶν ἀπὸ τοῦ Καφηρέως ἥκοντα. 
καὶ γὰρ οἶμαι πυρσεύειν αὐτὸν ἀπὸ τῶν ἄκρων 
τοῖς πλέουσιν, ὅπως ἐκπίπτωσιν εἰς τὰς TE 
τρας. 
an / 
Ταῦτα δὲ ἐκείνου λέγοντος Kal πολλὰ 
Ν 7 ς \ A ’ ial) b] \ \ 
πρὸς τούτοις, ὁ μὲν ὄχλος ἠγριοῦτο" ἐγὼ δὲ 
ἠπόρουν καὶ ἐδεδοίκειν μή τί με ἐργάσωνται 


κακόν. 


10 


15 


20 


10 


15 


14 AIQNOS TOT XPTZOZTOMOYT 





One of the citizens, however, took the hunter's part. His 
argunent: there is need of just such men to cultivate 
the unused public land ; proposal of an agrarian law 
to cover such cases; the first speaker himself is by no 
means innocent ; disastrous consequences of the policy 
proposed by the first speaker ; settlement of the case in 
hand proposed. 

Παρελθὼν δὲ ἄλλος Tis, ὡς ἐφαίνετο, ἐπιεικὴς 

" 3 / “ / ἃ 3 \ 5 Ν 

ἄνθρωπος ἀπὸ τε τῶν λόγων οὺς εἶπε, KAL ἀπὸ 
n lal / A \ 

τοῦ σχήματος, πρῶτον μὲν ἠξίου σιωπῆσαι TO 
fol Ν ? / Μ > lal A 
πλῆθος" καὶ ἐσιώπησαν " ἔπειτα εἰπε TH φωνῇ 
΄ “ 2>Q\ > a e \ 2 \ a 
πρᾷως OTL οὐδὲν ἀδικοῦσιν OL τὴν ἀργὴν τῆς 
΄ Σ , \ Uf 3 \ 
χώρας ἐργαζόμενοι καὶ κατασκευάζοντες, ἀλλὰ 
U 
τοὐναντίον ἐπαίνου δικαίως av τυγχάνοιεν " καὶ 
ἴω. a Lal ἈΝ 
δεῖ μὴ τοῖς οἰκοδομοῦσι καὶ φυτεύουσι τὴν 
“ lo an v7 > \ “Ὁ 
δημοσίαν γῆν χαλεπῶς ἔχειν, ἀλλὰ τοῖς κατα- 
/ 5 \ \ a 4 9 » 
φθείρουσιν. ἐπεὶ καὶ νῦν, ἔφη, ὦ ἄνδρες, 
͵7ὔ an a 5 / 
σχεδόν τι τὰ δύο μέρη τῆς χώρας ἡμῶν ὀρεινά 

b 57.5 Ve / NL "4 > A 

ἐστι δι’ ἀμέλειάν τε Kal ὀλιγανθρωπίαν. Kayo 

πολλὰ κέκτημαι πλέθρα, ὥσπερ οἶμαι καὶ 
ἄλλος τις, οὐ μόνον ἐν τοῖς ὄρεσιν, ἀλλὰ καὶ 

τ A A ἃ “ IDs A > 

ἐν τοῖς πεδινοῖς, ἃ εἴ τις ἐθέλοι γεωργεῖν, οὐ 
΄ A fas μ ᾽ \ \ ᾽ ΄ 

μόνον ἂν προῖκα δοίην, ἀλλὰ καὶ ἀργύριον 

ς / / aA \ e 2 \ 

ἡδέως προστελέσαιμι. δῆλον γὰρ ὡς ἐμοὶ 

/ > / / \ « ς \ Ὁ 
πλέονος ἀξία γίγνεται, καὶ ἅμα ἡδὺ ὅραμα 


χώρα οἰκουμένη καὶ ἐνεργός" ἡ δ᾽ ἔρημος οὐ 


KYNHTO> 1 


μόνον ἀνωφελὲς κτῆμα τοῖς ἔχουσιν, ἀλλὰ καὶ 
’ ΄ 
σφόδρα ἐλεεινόν τε καὶ δυστυχίαν τινὰ κατη- 
fal “ ἴω i Ὁ lal 
yopouv τῶν δεσποτῶν. ὥστε μοι δοκεῖ μᾶλλον 
/ a x / an 
ἑτέρους προτρέπειν, ὅσους av δύνησθε τῶν 
na / “ na 
πολιτῶν, ἐργάζεσθαι τῆς δημοσίας γῆς ἀπολα- 
\ / » 
Bovras, τοὺς μὲν ἀφορμήν τινα ἔχοντας πλείω, 
¢ xX > 
τοὺς δὲ πένητας, ὅσην ἂν ἕκαστος ἢ δυνατός, 
r \ 3 » A 
iva ὑμῖν ἥ τε χώρα ἐνεργὸς ἢ, καὶ τῶν πολιτῶν 
, ἴω / 
οἱ θέλοντες δύο τῶν μεγίστων ἀπηλλαγμένοι 
a / > 
κακῶν, ἀργίας καὶ πενίας. ἐπὶ δέκα μὲν οὖν 
ἔτη προῖκα ἐχόντων " μετὰ δὲ τοῦτον τὸν χρόνον 
a ’ “ 
ταξάμενοι μοῖραν ὀλίγην παρεχέτωσαν ἀπὸ τῶν 
nr ’ \ \ ~ 7, / x\ 
καρπῶν, ἀπὸ δὲ τῶν βοσκημάτων μηδέν. ἐὰν 
/ a 5) Ga 
δέ τις ξένος yewpyn, πέντε ἔτη Kal οὗτοι μηδὲν 
7 3 “-“ 
ὑποτελούντων, ὕστερον δὲ διπλάσιον ἢ οἱ πολῖ- 
a ee." > , la) / / 
Tat. ὃς δὲ av ἐξεργάσηται τῶν ξένων διακόσια 
᾿ val 
πλέθρα, πολίτην αὐτὸν εἶναι, ἵνα ὡς πλεῖστοι 
3S / an 
ὦσιν οἱ προθυμούμενοι. ἐπεὶ viv ye Kal τὰ 
a la , lal 
πρὸ TOV πυλῶν ἄγρια παντελῶς ἐστι Kal 
αἰσχρὰ δεινῶς, ὥσπερ ἐν ἐρημίᾳ τῇ βαθυτάτ 
XP ’ 4 Pee a 1)" 
, \ 
οὐχ ὡς προάστειον πόλεως" τὰ δέ γε ἐντὸς 
7 \ a 
τείχους σπείρεται TA πλεῖστα καὶ κατανέμεται. 
> a A 7 / a e U 
οὐκοῦν ἄξιον, ἔφη. θαυμάσαι τῶν ῥητόρων, ὅτι 


τοὺς μὲν ἐπὶ τῷ Καφηρεῖ φιλεργοῦντας ἐν τοῖς 


10 


1ὅ 


20 


ἐσχάτοις τῆς Εὐβοίας συκοφαντοῦσι, τοὺς δὲ 25 


10 


15 


20 


16 AIONOZ TOT XPTZOZTOMOYT 





TO γυμνάσιον γεωργοῦντας Kal τὴν ἀγορὰν KaTa- 
/ 2>Q\ vy a / / 
νέμοντας οὐδὲν οἴονται ποιεῖν δεινόν. βλέπετε 
\ ’ \ id vA \ 7 ς a 
yap αὐτοὶ δήπουθεν ὅτι TO γυμνάσιον ὑμῖν 
” / e/ Ἂν ς 7 \ 
ἄρουραν πεποιήκασιν, ὥστε τὸν Ἡρακλέα καὶ 
7 > / \ ξ x aA i 
ἄλλους ἀνδριάντας συχνοὺς ὑπὸ τοῦ θέρους 
5 "ὦ \ \ e / \ \ “ 
ἀποκεκρύφθαι, τοὺς μὲν ἡρώων, τοὺς δὲ θεῶν " 
δ a ΄ 
καὶ ὅτι καθ᾽ ἡμέραν τὰ τοῦ ῥήτορος τούτου 
πρόβατα ἕωθεν εἰς τὴν ἀγορὰν ἐμβάλλει καὶ 
/ \ \ x / \ \ 
κατανέμεται (τὰ) περὶ TO βουλευτήριον καὶ τὰ 
ἀρχεῖα: ὥστε τοὺς πρῶτον ἐπιδημήσαντας ξέ- 
A a \ 
νους τοὺς μὲν καταγελᾶν τῆς πόλεως, TOUS δὲ 
5 a , 
οἰκτείρειν αὐτήν. πάλιν οὖν ταῦτα ἀκούσαντες 
>] / \ 5 lal \ » ΄ὔ Ν 
ὠργίζοντο πρὸς ἐκεῖνον καὶ ἐθορύβουν. καὶ 
τοιαῦτα ποιῶν τοὺς ταλαυπώρους ἰδιώτας οἴεται 
Lal > a “, , Ν 5 / 
δεῖν ἀπαγαγεῖν, ἵνα δηλονότι μηδεὶς ἐργάζηται 
τὸ λοιπόν, AAN οἱ μὲν ἔξω λῃστεύωσιν, οἱ δ᾽ 
ἐν τῇ πόλει λωποδυτῶσιν. ἐμοὶ δέ, ἔφη, δοκεῖ 
τούτους ἐᾶν ἐφ᾽ οἷς αὐτοὶ πεποιήκασιν, ὕποτε- 
n Ν Ν v4 4 \ \ A 
λοῦντας TO λοιπὸν ὅσον μέτριον, περὶ δὲ τῶν 
ἔμπροσθεν προσόδων συγγνῶναι αὐτοῖς, ὅτι 
a \ a 
ἔρημον Kal ἀχρεῖον γεωργήσαντες THY γῆν κατε- 
/ A a 
AdBovto. ἐὰν δὲ τιμὴν θέλωσι καταβαλεῖν τοῦ 
χωρίου, ἀποδόσθαι αὐτοῖς ἐλάττονος ἢ ἄλλοις. 
Εἰὐπόντος δὲ αὐτοῦ τοιαῦτα, πάλιν ὁ ἐξ ἀρχῆς 


ἐκεῖνος ἀντέλεγε, καὶ ἐλοιδοροῦντο ἐπὶ πολύ. 


KYNHTO> 17 


LSet ΜΙ. ee ae 


The hunter was told to speak for himself. He gave an 
inventory of all his goods, asserted his citizenship and 


his loyalty, offered to give up everything if the town | 


would give him some place to live, and begged his 

audience not to believe him to be a bad character. 

The audience was angry at first, then amused, and 

finally silenced by his earnestness. 

Τέλος δὲ καὶ ἐμὲ ἐκέλευον εἰπεῖν ὅ τι βούλο- 
μαι. Καὶ τί με, ἔφην. δεῖ λέγειν; Πρὸς τὰ 
εἰρημένα, εἶπέ τις τῶν καθημένων. Οὐκοῦν 
λέγω, ἔφην, ὅτι οὐδὲν ἀληθές ἐστιν ὧν εἴρηκεν. 
δι Ἃ, / 5 + > ae Ἁ Ὑ » εὐ ρα 
ἐγὼ μέν, ὦ ἄνδρες, ἐνύπνια μήν, ἔφην, ὁρᾶν: 
ἀγροὺς καὶ κώμας καὶ τοιαῦτα φλυαροῦντος. 
e Lal \ » ’ » BA 4 » 
ἡμεῖς δὲ οὔτε κώμην ἔχομεν οὔτε ἱπποὺς οὔτε 
yy » “ »” \ 5 Ν ς a Ὁ 
ὄνους οὔτε βοῦς. εἴθε γὰρ ἣν ἔχειν ἡμᾶς Coa 

- Μ ᾽ / 4 \ e a 2 ὁ \ 
οὗτος ἔλεγεν ἀγαθά, ἵνα καὶ ὑμῖν ἐδώκαμεν Kat 
αὐτοὶ τῶν μακαρίων ἦμεν. καὶ τὰ νῦν δὲ ὄντα 
ἡμῖν ἱκανά ἐστιν, ἐξ ὧν εἴ τι βούλεσθε λάβετε" 

xX / > I e Lal e / 
κἂν πάντα ἐθέλητε, ἡμεῖς ETEPA κτησόμεθα. 
’ 3 4 » “ / Μ᾿ ’΄ Ss 2 
ἐπὶ τούτῳ δὲ τῷ λόγῳ ἐπήνεσαν. ELTA ETN 

ἐ ἐ « 

, e yA / / a a 
ρώτα pe ὁ ἄρχων Th δυνησόμεθα δοῦναι τῷ 
δήμῳ ; κἀγώ, Ἱέσσαρα; ἔφην; ἐχλάφεια δέρματα 
πάνυ καλά. οἱ δὲ πολλοὶ αὐτῶν ἐγέλασαν. 
ς δὲ ΨΜ > / , \ x 
ὁ δὲ ἄρχων ἠγανάκτησε πρὸς με. Τὰ γὰρ 
2 “Μ᾽ σον \ \ ’, > 
ἄρκεια, ἔφην, σκληρέ ἐστι καὶ τὰ τρἀγειᾶ οὐκ 
ἄξια τούτων, ἄλλα δὲ παλαιά, τὰ δὲ μικρὰ av- 


σ 


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18 AIQNOS TOY ΧΡΥΣΟΣΤΟΜΟΥ 





an \ 7 Ὁ 
τῶν" εἰ δὲ βούλεσθε, κἀκεῖνα λάβετε. πάλιν 
i 7 3. 
οὖν ἠγανάκτει καὶ ἔφη με ἄγροικον εἶναι παντε- 
n » ΄ / 15. iy \ \ b) \ 
λῶς. Kayo, Ἰ]άλιν, εἶπον, αὖ καὶ σὺ ἀγροὺς 
/ 
λέγεις ; οὐκ ἀκούεις OTL ἀγροὺς οὐκ ἔχομεν ; 
€ \ 3 J >] / ΞΕ / > Ν 
ὁ δὲ ἠρώτα με εἰ τάλαντον ἑκάτερος ᾿Αττικὸν 
“ / 2 A \ 5 > “ 
δοῦναι θέλοιμεν. ἐγὼ δὲ εἶπον, Οὐχ ἵσταμεν 
N / τ lal ἃ δ᾽ Ἃ 3 PAS) » δὲ 
τὰ κρέα ἡμεῖς - ἃ δ᾽ ἂν ἢ, δίδομεν. ἔστι δὲ 
2 / > ς / + 2 ’ Ὁ Lad / 
ὀλίγα ἐν ἁλσί, τἄλλα δ᾽ ἐν τῷ καπνῷ, ξηρά, 
» \ ’ / if / en \ 3 / 
OU πολὺ ἐκείνων χείρω, σκελίδες ὑῶν καὶ ἐλά- 
an nr \ 
φειοι καὶ ἄλλα γενναῖα κρέα. ἐνταῦθα δὴ 
/ ς 
ἐθορύβουν καὶ ψεύδεσθαί με ἔφασαν. ὁ δὲ 
/ a , 
ἠρώτα με εἰ σῖτον ἔχομεν, καὶ πόσον τινά. 
> \ fa / 
εἶπον τὸν ὄντα ἀληθῶς" Avo, ἔφην, μεδίμνους 
rn lal / 
πυρῶν καὶ τέτταρας κριθῶν Kal τοσούτους 
/ / \ « / > Ἂν, » ᾿ς 
κέγχρων, κυάμων δὲ ἡμίεκτον: οὐ yap ἐγέ- 
-“ \ 9 
VOVTO τῆτες. τοὺς μὲν οὖν πυροὺς Kal τὰς 
κριθάς, ἔφην, ὑμεῖς λάβετε, τὰς δὲ κέγχρους 
ε “Ὁ BA 2 x / a) \ Me. 
ἡμῖν ἄφετε. εἰ δὲ κέγχρων δεῖσθε, καὶ ταύτας 
/ 5 “ 
λάβετε. Οὐδὲ οἶνον ποιεῖτε; ἄλλος τις ἠρώ- 
τησεν. ἸΪ]οιοῦμεν, εἶπον. ἂν οὖν τις ὑμῶν 
ο / 
ἀφίκηται, δώσομεν : ὅπως δὲ HEEL φέρων ἀσκόν 
τινα " ἡμεῖς γὰρ οὐκ ἔχομεν. ἸΠόσαι γάρ τινές 
’ ες an 7 , / »Μ ιν \ 
εἰσιν ὑμῖν ἄμπελοι; Avo μέν, ἔφην, ai πρὸ 
an “ vy \ a > n vy \ a 
τῶν θυρῶν, ἔσω δὲ τῆς αὐλῆς εἴκοσι" καὶ TOD 


an / ἃ f / 
ποταμοῦ πέραν, as ἔναγχος epuTevoaper, ἕτε- 


KYNHTO> 19 





lal ’ \ \ nr / \ \ 
pat τοσαῦται" εἰσὶ δὲ γενναῖαι σφόδρα Kai τοὺς 
βότρυς φέρουσι μεγάλους, ὅταν οἱ παριόντες 
ΡῚ lal > V4 ~S \ \ / » 
ἐπαφῶσιν αὐτούς. ἵνα δὲ μὴ πράγματα ἔχητε 
9 vA 3 an Dp ES % 7 c 
καθ᾽ ἕκαστον ἐρωτῶντες, ἐρῶ καὶ τἄλλα ἅ 
lal 5 >] lal 
ἐστιν ἡμῖν" αἶγες ὀκτὼ θήλειαι, βοῦς κολοβή, 
/ 3 > an / ’ / / 
μοσχάριον ἐξ αὐτῆς πάνυ καλόν, δρέπανα τέτ- 
7 , 7 val 7 
Tapa, δίκελλαι τέτταρες: λόγχαι τρεῖς, μάχαι- 
an \ 
ραν ἡμῶν ἑκάτερος κέκτηται πρὸς τὰ θηρία. 
\ \ / rh / ΕΝ / \ 
Ta δὲ κεράμεια σκεύη τί ἂν λέγοι TIS; καὶ 
γυναῖκες ἡμῖν εἰσὶ καὶ τούτων τέκνα. οἰκοῦ- 
\ ΝΜ \ a) r \ / 
μεν δὲ ἐν δυσὶ σκηναῖς καλαῖς - καὶ τρίτην 
- A \ 
ἔχομεν, οὗ κεῖται TO σιτάριον Kal Ta δέρματα. 
\ 5 ς / \ 
Νὴ Δία, εἶπεν ὁ ῥήτωρ, ὅπου Kal TO ἀργύριον 
» / O > A 7 2 / 
ἴσως KATOPUTTETE. ὑκοῦν, ἔφην, ἀνάσκαψον 
3 , 5 nr / \ Us > / 
ἐλθών, ὦ μῶρε. Tis δὲ κατορύττει ἀργύριον ; 
5 \ \ 4 / 5 “ / 2 / 
ov yap δὴ φύεταί ye. ἐνταῦθα πάντες ἐγέλων, 
7 lal lal 
ἐκείνου, μοι δοκεῖν, καταγελάσαντες. Ταῦτα 
Μ e aA 2 5S \ / 7 e Lal 
ἔστιν ἡμῖν" εἰ οὖν Kal πάντα θέλετε, ἡμεῖς 
e / id “- / \ »O\ e A > 
ἑκόντες ὑμῖν χαριζόμεθα, Kai οὐδὲν ὑμᾶς ἀφαι- 
an a \ / 7 3 
ρεῖσθαι δεῖ πρὸς βίαν ὥσπερ ἀλλοτρίων ἢ πο- 
νηρῶν᾽ ἐπεί TOL καὶ πολῖται τῆς πόλεώς ἐσμεν, 
\ an \ na 
ὡς ἐγὼ τοῦ πατρὸς ἤκουον. καί ποτε ἐκεῖνος 
δεῦρο ἀφικόμενος, ἐπιτυχὼν ἀργυρίῳ διδομένῳ 
ρ μενος; χὼν ἀργυρίῳ διδομένῳ, 
\ > \ »- 5 La) , > | nm \ 
καὶ αὐτὸς ἔλαβεν ἐν τοῖς πολίταις. οὐκοῦν καὶ 


T / e / XE \ 10 » 
ρέφομεν ὑμετέρους πολίτας τοὺς παῖδας. κἂν 


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20 AINNOS TOY XPYTZOZTOMOT 





mote δέησθε, βοηθήσουσιν ὑμῖν πρὸς λῃστὰς 
ἢ πρὸς πολεμίους. νῦν μὲν οὖν εἰρήνη ἐστίν" 
ἐὰν δέ ποτε συμβῇ καιρὸς τοιοῦτος; εὔξεσθε 
\ \ an «ς / ς rc \ \ 
τοὺς πολλοὺς φανῆναι ομοίους ἡμῖν. μὴ γὰρ 
δὴ τοῦτόν γε τὸν ῥήτορα νομίζετε μαχεῖσθαι 
τότε περὶ ὑμῶν, εἰ μή γε λοιδορούμενον ὥσπερ 
τὰς γυναῖκας. τῶν μέντοι κρεῶν καὶ τῶν δερ- 
μάτων, ὅταν γέ τοί ποτε ἕλωμεν θηρίον, μοῖραν 
, / / Ν / ὟΝ 
δώσομεν: μόνον πέμπετε τὸν ληψόμενον. εἂν 
δὲ κελεύσητε καθελεῖν τὰς σκηνάς: εἴ τι βλά- 
πτουσι, καθελοῦμεν. GAN ὅπως δώσετε ἡμῖν 
5 ff. 3 / Ἃ ἴω ς - / 
ἐνθάδε οἰκίαν: ἢ πῶς ὑπενεγκεῖν δυνησόμεθα 
τοῦ χειμῶνος ; ἔστιν ὑμῖν οἰκήματα πολλὰ 
ἐντὸς τοῦ τείχους, ἐν οἷς οὐδεὶς οἰκεῖ" τούτων 
ἡμῖν ἕν ἀρκέσει. εἰ δὲ οὐκ ἐνθάδε ζῶμεν οὐδὲ 
πρὸς τῇ στενοχωρίᾳ τοσούτων ἀνθρώπων ἐν 
3 -- “ \ ς “ > a ’ 
ταὐτῷ διαγόντων καὶ ἡμεῖς ἐνοχλοῦμεν, οὐ 
΄ 7 la / ” i 9 
δήπου διά ye τοῦτο μετοικίζεσθαι ἄξιοί ἐσμεν. 
a / a a 
— δὲ ἐτόλμησεν εἰπεῖν περὶ τῶν ναυαγίων, 
ἴω / A 
πρᾶγμα οὕτως ἀνόσιον Kal πονηρόν" τοῦτο yap 
a / lal ἃ »" 
μικροῦ ἐξελαθόμην εἰπεῖν ὃ πάντων πρῶτον 
ἔδει με εἰρηκέναι" τίς ἂν πιστεύσειέ ποτε 
ς nr \ \ Ἂ > / \ > y / 
ὑμῶν ; πρὸς yap τῇ ἀσεβείᾳ καὶ ἀδύνατόν 
> 3 “Ὁ \ ς “Ὁ Lal ef \ 
ἐστιν ἐκεῖθεν καὶ ὁτιοῦν λαβεῖν, ὅπου καὶ 


τῶν ξύλων οὐδὲν πλέον ἔστιν ἰδεῖν ἢ τὴν 


KYNHTO> ae 





τέφραν: οὕτω πάνυ σμικρὰ ἐκπίπτει, καὶ 
ἔστιν ἐκείνη μόνη ἡ ἀκτὴ ἁπασῶν ἀπρόσιτος. 
\ \ / ἃ [2 e / ᾽ 
καὶ τοὺς ταρρούς. ovs ἅπαξ evpov ποτε ἐκβε- 
βρασμένους, καὶ τούτους ἀνέπηξα εἰς τὴν δρῦν 
\ id \ \ / nan / \ \ 

τὴν ἱερὰν τὴν πλησίον τῆς θαλάττης. μὴ γὰρ 
εἴη ποτέ, ὦ Ζεῦ, λαβεῖν μηδὲ κερδᾶναι κέρδος 

fa) > \ > / / > \ 
τοιοῦτον ἀπὸ ἀνθρώπων δυστυχίας. ἀλλὰ 
ὠφελήθην μὲν οὐδὲν πώποτε, ἠλέησα δὲ πολ- 
λάκις ναυαγοὺς ἀφικομένους, καὶ τῇ σκηνῇ 
ς / \ a » Ν ra) \ 
ὑπεδεξάμην, καὶ φαγεῖν ἔδωκα καὶ πιεῖν, καὶ 
εἴ τι ἄλλο ἐδυνάμην, ἐπεβοήθησα καὶ συνηκο- 
λούθησα μέχρι τῶν οἰκουμένων. ἀλλὰ τίς ἂν 
ἐκείνων ἐμοὶ νῦν μαρτυρήσειεν ; οὔκουν οὐδὲ 
τοῦτο ἐποίουν μαρτυρίας ἕνεκεν ἢ χάριτος, ὅς 

ες / iD al 

ye οὐδ᾽ ὁπόθεν ἦσαν ἠπιστάμην. μὴ γὰρ ὑμῶν 


γε μηδεὶς περιπέσοι τοιούτῳ πράγματι. 


A witness for the defendant. One of the audience told 
how he and his companion were shipwrecked on Cape 
Caphareus, and how they were rescued and cared for 
by these same hunters. 

Ταῦτα δὲ ἐμοῦ λέγοντος ἀνίσταταί τις ἐκ 
μέσων: κἀγὼ πρὸς ἐμαυτὸν ἐνεθυμήθην ὅτι 
ἄλλος τοιοῦτος τυχὸν ἐμοῦ καταψευσόμενος. 
ὁ δὲ εἶπεν, "Ανδρες, ἐγὼ πάλαι τοῦτον ἀμφι- 


A ’ / “ » \ \ “ > fe PS 
γνοῶν ἠπίστουν ὅμως. ἐπεὶ δὲ σαφῶς αὐτὸν 


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22, ΔΙΏΝΟΣ ΤΟΥ ΧΡΥΣΟΣΤΟΜΟΥ 





ἔγνωκα, δεινόν μοι δοκεῖ, μᾶλλον δὲ ἀσεβές, μὴ 
εἰπεῖν ἃ συνεπίσταμαι μηδὲ ἀποδοῦναι λόγῳ 
Μ \ / Ss ΄ S'S3EN / 
χάριν, ἔργῳ τὰ μέγιστα εὖ παθών. εἰμὶ δέ, 
ἔφη, πολίτης, ὡς ἴστε, καὶ ὅδε, δείξας τὸν 
παρακαθήμενον, καὶ ὃς ἐπανέστη " ἐτύχομεν δὲ 
΄ ’ n / \ / 4 \ 
πλέοντες EV TH Σωκλέους νηὶ τρίτον ἔτος. καὶ 
διαφθαρείσης τῆς νεὼς περὶ τὸν Kadnpéa παν- 
τελῶς ὀλίγοι τινὲ ἐσώθημεν ἀπὸ πολλῶν. 
τοὺς μὲν οὖν πορφυρεῖς ἀνέλαβον" εἶχον γὰρ 
αὐτῶν τινες ἀργύριον ἐν φασκωλίοις. ἡμεῖς 
δὲ γυμνοὶ παντελῶς ἐκπεσόντες δι’ ἀτραποῦ 
/ 
τινος ἐβαδίζομεν, ἐλπίζοντες εὑρήσειν σκέπην 
\ / Xx J / ς ἈΝ 
τινὰ ποιμένων ἢ βουκόλων, κινδυνεύοντες ὑπὸ 
λιμοῦ τε καὶ δίψους διαφθαρῆναι. καὶ μόλις 
Ul 
ποτὲ ἤλθομεν ἐπὶ σκηνάς τινας, καὶ στάντες 
> la) \ \ π᾿ 5 / e an 
ἐβοῶμεν. προελθὼν δὲ οὗτος εἰσάγει TE ἡμᾶς 
ἔνδον καὶ ἀνέκαε πῦρ οὐκ ἀθρόον, ἀλλὰ κατ᾽ 
x, / \ \ \ ς an Δ ΕΝ Lee le \ 
ὀλίγον: Kal TOV μὲν ἡμῶν αὐτὸς ἐνέτριβε, TOV 
δὲ ἡ γυνὴ στέατι" οὐ γὰρ ἣν αὐτοῖς ἔλαιον 
τέλος δὲ ὕδωρ κατέχεον θερμόν, ἕως ἀνέλαβον 
ἀπεψυγμένους. ἔπειτα κατακλίναντες καὶ 
περιβαλόντες οἷς εἶχον παρέθηκαν φαγεῖν 
e a "ἡ / > \ δὲ / ε ὯΝ 
ἡμῖν ἄρτους πυρίνους, αὐτοὶ δὲ κέγχρον ἐφθὴν 
4 ξὃ δὲ \ = alos a “ὃ 
ἤσθιον" ἔδωκαν δὲ καὶ οἶνον ἡμῖν πιεῖν, ὕδωρ 


3 \ / \ / 3 / b] a 
αὐτοὶ πίνοντες, Kal κρέα ἐλαφεια ὄπτωντες 


KYNHTOS 23 





” \ Ne ᾿ “ Ἀν Je / a 
ἄφθονα, τὰ δὲ ἕψοντες " τῇ δ᾽ ὑστεραίᾳ βουλο 
/ tal 
μένους ἀπιέναι κατέσχον ἐπὶ τρεῖς ἡμέρας " 
4 7 > \ / \ > “- 
ἔπειτα προύπεμψαν εἰς τὸ πεδίον, καὶ ἀπιοῦσι 
/ ΝΜ \ / (< ie / / 
κρέας ἔδωκαν καὶ δέρμα ἑκατέρῳ πάνυ καλον. 
e a A 
ἐμὲ δὲ ὁρῶν ἐκ τῆς κακοπαθείας ἔτι πονήρως 
» alg ld J an \ 2 / 
ἔχοντα ἐνέδυσε χιτώνιον; τῆς θυγατρὸς ἀφελό- 
> / \ A Gs , 
μενος " ἐκείνη δὲ ἄλλο TL ῥάκος περιεζώσατο. 
al \ a , / 
τοῦτο, ἐπειδὴ ἐν TH κώμῃ ἐγενόμην, ἀπέδωκα. 
δι “ \ tf 
οὕτως ἡμεῖς γε ὑπὸ τούτου μάλιστα ἐσώθημεν 


μετὰ τοὺς θεούς. 


The hunter was very glad to see his friend Sotades. The 
audience laughed at him; but he won his case and was 
treated very generously. 


Tatra δὲ ἐκείνου λέγοντος ὁ μὲν δῆμος 
ἤκουεν ἡδέως καὶ ἐπήνουν με, ἐγὼ δὲ ἀναμνη- 
σθείς, Χαῖρε, ἔφην, Σωτάδη καὶ προσελθὼν 
ἐφίλουν αὐτὸν καὶ τὸν ἕτερον. ὁ δὲ δῆμος 
ἐγέλα σφόδρα, ὅτι ἐφίλουν αὐτούς. τότε ἔγνων 
ὅτι ἐν ταῖς πόλεσιν οὐ φιλοῦσιν ἀλλήλους. 

ΠΠαρελθὼν δὲ ἐκεῖνος ὁ ἐπιεικής, ὁ τὴν ἀρχὴν 
ὑπὲρ ἐμοῦ λέγων, "Epmol, ἔφη, ὦ ἄνδρες, δοκεῖ 
καλέσαι τοῦτον εἰς τὸ πρυτανεῖον ἐπὶ ξένια. 
οὐ γάρ, εἰ μὲν ἐν πολέμῳ τινὰ ἔσωσε τῶν 


πολιτῶν ὑπερασπίσας, πολλῶν ἂν καὶ μεγά- 


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24 AIQNOS TOY ΧΡΥΣΟΣΤΟΜΟΥ 





λων δωρεῶν ἔτυχε" νυνὶ δὲ δύο σώσας πολίτας, 
Χ \ \ ” «Δ » “ > 7 
τυχὸν δὲ Kal ἄλλους, οἱ οὐ πάρεισιν, οὐκ ἔστιν 
” ᾽ A an > \ \ Le] A a 
ἄξιος οὐδεμιᾶς τιμῆς ; ἀντὶ δὲ τοῦ χιτῶνος, ὃν 
7 aA if 7 a / 
ἔδωκε TO πολίτῃ κινδυνεύοντι THY θυγατέρα 
> 7 3 Qe ’ “Ὁ \ / “Ὁ 
ἀποδύσας. ἐπιδοῦναι αὐτῷ τὴν πόλιν χιτῶνα 
\ € i; vA \ la BA \ 
καὶ ἱμάτιον, ἵνα καὶ τοῖς ἄλλοις προτροπὴ 
/ / = \ 3 lal > / 
γένηται δικαίοις εἶναι καὶ ἐπαρκεῖν ἀλλήλοις, 
ve A: 3 A lal \ tf 
ψηφίσασθαι δὲ αὐτοῖς καρποῦσθαι τὸ χωρίον, 
καὶ αὐτοὺς καὶ τὰ τέκνα, καὶ μηδένα αὐτοῖς 
3 A aA \ » A \ e \ \ 
ἐνοχλεῖν, δοῦναι δὲ αὐτῷ καὶ ἑκατὸν δραχμὰς 
εἰς κατασκευήν" τὸ δὲ ἀργύριον τοῦτο ὑπὲρ τῆς 
᾿ 3 \ 3 5 Lal / 2 \ ἣν. 
πόλεως ἐγὼ παρ᾽ ἐμαυτοῦ δίδωμι. ἐπὶ τούτῳ 
\ 5 / ss ” 3 / ς 5 \ 
δὲ ἐπῃνέθη, καὶ τἄλλα ἐγένετο ὡς εἶπεν. Kal 
ἐκομίσθη παραχρῆμα εἰς τὸ θέατρον τὰ ἱμάτια 
καὶ τὸ ἀργύριον. ἐγὼ δὲ οὐκ ἐβουλόμην λα- 
a > » 5 Ὁ > , lal 5 “ 
βεῖν, ἀλλ᾽ εἶπον ὅτι οὐ δύνασαι δειπνεῖν ἐν τῷ 
/ ’ aA 5 \ fa yy 
δέρματι. Οὐκοῦν, εἶπον, τὸ σήμερον ἄδειπνος 
μενῶ. ὅμως δὲ ἐνέδυσάν με τὸν χιτῶνα καὶ 
περιέβαλον τὸ ἱμάτιον. ἐγὼ δὲ ἄνωθεν βαλεῖν 
ἐβουλόμην τὸ δέρμα, οἱ δὲ οὐκ εἴων. τὸ δὲ 
ἀργύριον οὐκ ἐδεξάμην οὐδένα τρόπον, ἀλλ᾽ 
ἀπωμοσάμην. Ki δὲ ζητεῖτε τίς λάβῃ, τῷ ῥή- 
3 , Ὁ ΓΑ 3 U >) / 
τορι, ἔφην, δότε, ὅπως κατορύξῃ αὐτὸ! ἐπί- 
Ν , 3 3 » 7 \ e lal 
otatat yap δηλονότι. ἀπ᾽ ἐκείνου δὲ ἡμᾶς 
οὐδεὶς ἠνώχλησε. 


ΚΥΝΗΓΟΣ 25 





CHAPTER IV 
A COUNTRY HOME 


The story finished, Dion and the hunter arrive at the 
house. The garden; the hunter’s family ; the dinner. 


Σχεδὸν οὖν εἰρηκότος αὐτοῦ πρὸς ταῖς σκη- 
vais ἦμεν. κἀγὼ γελάσας εἶπον, ᾿Αλλ᾽ ἕν τι 
ἀπεκρύψω τοὺς πολίτας. τὸ κάλλιστον τῶν 
κτημάτων. Τί τοῦτο; εἶπεν. Τὸν κῆπον, 
ἔφην, τοῦτον, πάνυ καλὸν καὶ λάχανα πολλὰ 
καὶ δένδρα ἔχοντα. Οὐκ ἣν, ἔφη, τότε, ἀλλ᾽ 
ὕστερον ἐποιήσαμεν. 

>] , 5S > 7 Ἁ \ rf 

Εἰσελθόντες οὖν εὐωχούμεθα τὸ λοιπὸν τῆς 
ἡμέρας, ἡμεῖς μὲν κατακλιθέντες ἐπὶ φύλλων 
τε καὶ δερμάτων ἐπὶ στιβάδος ὑψηλῆς, ἡ δὲ 

\ [4 \ \ BA ὃ θ / θ 
γυνὴ πλησίον παρὰ τὸν ἄνδρα καθημένη. Ov- 
γάτηρ δὲ ὡραία γάμου διηκονεῖτο, καὶ ἐνέχει 
πιεῖν μέλανα οἶνον ἡδύν. οἱ δὲ παῖδες τὰ κρέα 
παρεσκεύαζον, καὶ αὐτοὶ ἅμα ἐδείπνουν παρα- 

/ “ > \ > f \ > , 
τιθέντες, ὥστε ἐμὲ εὐδαιμονίζειν τοὺς ἀνθρώπους 
ἐκείνους καὶ οἴεσθαι μακαρίως ζῆν πάντων μά- 

φΦ > / / [4 bd / 
AloTa ὧν ἠπιστάμην. καίτοι πλουσίων οἰκίας 
τε καὶ τραπέζας ἠπιστάμην, οὐ μόνον ἰδιωτῶν, 
ἀλλὰ καὶ σατραπῶν καὶ βασιλέων, οἱ μάλιστα 


10 


15 


26 AIONOZ TOT XPYZOZTOMOT 





2 , / 7 \ , a 
ἐδόκουν μοι τότε ἄθλιοι, Kal πρότερον δοκοῦντες, 

ΕΣ A c la \ 3 a / Ἂς 3 
ETL μᾶλλον, ορῶντι τὴν ἐκεῖ πενίαν TE καὶ ἐλευ- 
f Nee, b] \ > Us > \ a \ 
θερίαν, καὶ ὅτι οὐδὲν ἀπελείποντο οὐδὲ τῆς περὶ 

\ A \ - e A > x \ we 
τὸ φαγεῖν τε Kal πιεῖν ἡδονῆς, ἀλλὰ Kal τούτοις 


3 / / 
5 ἐπλεονέκτουν σχεδόν τι. 


Enter the neighbor and his son. The young man and his 
cousin make a fair exchange. 


Ἤδη δ᾽ ἱκανῶς ἡμῶν ἐχόντων ἦλθε κἀκεῖνος 
ς [χά 7 oN ΕΝ ’ A y. 
ὁ ἕτερος. συνηκολούθει δὲ υἱὸς αὐτῷ, μειράκιον 
οὐκ ἀγεννές, λαγὼν φέρων. εἰσελθὼν δὲ οὗτος 
Ψ / » e se et \ > a » ’ 
ἠρυθρίασεν ἐν ὅσῳ δὲ ὁ πατὴρ αὐτοῦ ἠσπάζετο 
e “ ον 2 " \ / \ Χ \ 
10 ἡμᾶς. αὐτὸς ἐφίλησε τὴν κόρην. καὶ τὸν λαγὼν 
3 if BA id \ ΩΝ lal 5 A 
ἐκείνῃ ἔδωκεν. ἡ μὲν οὖν παῖς ἐπαύσατο δια- 
/ \ \ εἶ / » / Ν 
κονουμένη καὶ παρὰ τὴν μητέρα ἐκαθέζετο, τὸ 


δὲ μειράκιον ἀντ᾽ ἐκείνης διηκονεῖτο. 


The conversation grows personal: daughters and their 
husbands ; wedding-days ; the wedding sacrifice. 


Kayo τὸν ξένον ἠρώτησα, Αὕτη, ἔφην, ἐστίν, 
15 ἧς τὸν χιτῶνα ἀποδύσας τῷ ναυαγῷ ἔδωκας ; 
καὶ ὃς γελάσας, Οὐκ, ἔφη. ἀλλ᾽ ἐκείνη, εἶπε, 

Ν A ὃ 26 0 \ / » ῇ 
πάλαι πρὸς ἄνδρα ἐδόθη, καὶ τέκνα ἔχει μεγάλα 

5 \ 7 7 > y ’ Le 
non, πρὸς ἄνδρα πλούσιον εἰς κώμην. Οὐκοῦν, 
ἔφην, ἐπαρκοῦσιν ὑμῖν ὅτι ἂν δέησθε ; Οὐδέν, 


20 εἶπεν ἡ γυνή, δεόμεθα ἡμεῖς. ἐκεῖνοι δὲ λαμ- 


KTNHTOZ 27 





, \ € Yo ἈΝ | » “a \ > 7 
βάνουσι καὶ ὁπηνίκ᾽ ἄν τι θηραθῇ καὶ ὀπώραν 
καὶ λάχανα" οὐ γὰρ ἔστι κῆπος παρ᾽ αὐτοῖς. 

/ \ > > ial % > , 
(πέρυσι δὲ παρ᾽ αὐτῶν) πυροὺς ἐλάβομεν, 
σπέρμα ψιλόν, καὶ ἀπεδώκαμεν αὐτοῖς εὐθὺς 


7 


τῆς θερείας. Τί οὖν; ἔφην, καὶ ταύτην διανο- 


a θ ὃ ὃ ,ὔ 7 “ Cn \ “τὸν \ 
ELO VE OLOOVAL πλουσίῳ, La υμιν Kal αὐτή πτυρους 


[ 

ὃ ΓΑ > A / A 5» , 
aveion ; ἐνταῦθα μέντοι ἄμφω ἠρυθριασάτην, 
e U Ἁ \ , «- \ \ > A 4 

ἢ κόρη καὶ TO μειράκιον. ὁ δὲ πατὴρ αὐτῆς ἔφη, 

Πένητα ἄνδρα λήψεται, ὅμοιον ἡμῖν κυνηγέτην" 

\ Ud »” ᾽ \ / > ΄ 
καὶ μειδιάσας ἔβλεψεν εἰς τὸν νεανίσκον. κἀγώ, 

Τί οὖν οὐκ ἤδη δίδοτε; ἢ δεῖ ποθεν αὐτὸν ἐκ 

Fe > / a / = 3 Γῇ 
κώμης ἀφικέσθαι ; Δοκῶ μέν, εἶπεν, οὐ μακράν 
ἐστιν " ἀλλ᾽ ἔνδον ἐνθάδε. καὶ ποιήσομέν γε τοὺς 

Ul € ld > \ b] 7 > J 
γάμους ἡμέραν ἀγαθὴν ἐπιλεξάμενοι. κἀγώ, 

Πῶς, ἔφην, κρίνετε τὴν ἀγαθὴν ἡμέραν ; καὶ 
Ὁ σ΄ \ \ > \ Ve a \ \ 

ὅς, “Ὅταν μὴ μικρὸν ἢ τὸ σελήνιον δεῖ δὲ καὶ 
\ χιὺν > θ / 0 f xr if > , 

τὸν ἄέρα εἰναι καθαρόν, αἰθρίαν λαμπράν. κἀγώ, 

ἢ: ff ὃ / m Langs) 4 / > θ / 2 " yy 

 0€; τῷ ὄντι κυνηγέτης ἀγαθός ἐστιν; ἔφην. 

» ψΨ «- / \ 54 
ἔγωγε, εἶπεν ὁ νεανίσκος, καὶ ἔλαφον κατα- 

A \ Lg ς ΞΖ Μ᾽ x », X 

Tova καὶ σῦν ὑφίσταμαι. ὄψει δὲ αὔριον, ἂν 

θέλῃς, ὦ ξένε. Καὶ τὸν λαγὼν τοῦτον σύ, ἔφην, 

7. a na 

ἔλαβες ; ᾿Εγώ, ἔφη γελάσας, τῷ λιναρίῳ τῆς 

ι} δ: 5 \ Ae 7 Γ J Nee / 
νυκτὸς " ἣν Yap aiVpia TaVU καλὴ καὶ ἡ σελήνη 
7 A / ς ὔ 3 ,ὔ 3 4, 
τηλικαύτη TO μέγεθος ἡλίκη οὐδεπώποτε ἐγέ- 


5 fa) ia > / > / > 
veto. ἐνταῦθα μέντοι ἐγέλασαν ἄμφοτεροι, οὐ 


10 


15 


20 


25 


10 


20 


28 AIQNOS TOY ΧΡΥΣΟΣΤΟΜΟΥ͂ 


, « an ’ / > \ \ ς Σ , 
μόνον ὁ τῆς κόρης πατήρ. ἀλλὰ καὶ oO ἐκείνου. 
ς Ν 9 UA \ 3 , ee i ς A 
ὁ δὲ ἠσχύνθη Kal ἐσιώπησε. λέγει οὖν ὁ τῆς 

/ 7] 3 \ / + > A > \ £ 
κόρης πατήρ, Kyo μέν, pn, ὦ παῖ, οὐδὲν ὑπερ- 

, ς \ , / + » x 
βάλλομαι. ὁ δὲ πατήρ σου περιμένει, ἔστ᾽ ἂν 
ἱερεῖον πρίηται πορευθείς. δεῖ γὰρ θῦσαι τοῖς 
θεοῖς. 

The younger brother to the rescue. 
> 9 id , Ν a / 

Εἶπεν οὖν ὁ νεώτερος ἀδελφὸς τῆς κόρης, 
᾿Αλλὰ ἱερεῖόν γε πάλαι οὗτος παρεσκεύακε, 

ΑΝ ” ὃ , ” θ na a 
καὶ ἔστιν ἔνδον τρεφόμενον ὄπισθεν τῆς σκηνῆς, 
γενναῖον. ἠρώτων οὖν αὐτόν, ᾿Αληθῶς ; ὁ δὲ 
ἔφη. Καὶ πόθεν σοι; ἔφασαν. Ὅτε τὴν ὃν 
ἐλάβομεν τὴν τὰ τέκνα ἔχουσαν, τὰ μὲν ἄλλα 

/ \ 9 7 3 “Ὁ ,ὔ CoN 
διέδρα - καὶ ἦν, ἔφη, ταχύτερα τοῦ λαγώ " ἑνὸς 

\ 3 \ , » x e / \ Ψ' ᾿] /, 
δὲ ἐγὼ λίθῳ ἔτυχον καὶ ἁλόντι τὸ δέρμα ἐπέ. 
[2 
βαλον: τοῦτο ἠλλαξάμην ἐν τῇ κώμῃ, καὶ ἔλα- 
> > > Lal nr N ” a 
Bov ἀντ᾽ αὐτοῦ χοῖρον, καὶ ἔθρεψα ποιήσας 
» / les 5 ” < , 
ὄπισθεν συφεόν. Ταῦτα, εἶπεν, dpa ἡ μήτηρ 
σοῦ ἐγέλα, ὁπότε θαυμάζοιμι ἀκούων γρυλιζού- 
a / \ \ θὰ e/ > 4 
σης τῆς TVOS, καὶ τὰς κριθὰς οὕτως ἀνήλισκες. 
Ai γὰρ εὐβοΐδες, εἶπεν, οὐχ ἱκαναὶ ἦσαν πιᾶναι, 
εἰ μή γε βαλάνους ἤθελεν ἐσθίειν. ἀλλὰ εἰ 
βούλεσθε ἰδεῖν αὐτήν, ἄξω πορευθείς. οἱ δὲ 
Wet. > ΄ 3 δ as τ ς A 
ἐκέλευον. ἀπήεσαν οὖν ἐκεῖνός τε Kal οἱ παῖδες 


᾽ / ’ / 
αὐτόθεν δρόμῳ χαίροντες. 


KTNHTOZ 29 


The supper of fruit and nuts. The children return bring- 
ing the pig. Enter the mother and brothers of the 
bridegroom. 

Ἔν δὲ τούτῳ ἡ παρθένος ἀναστᾶσα ἐξ ἑτέρας 
σκηνῆς ἐκόμισεν οὗα τετμημένα καὶ μέσπιλα 
A A \ \ A 7 fo] 
καὶ μῆλα χειμερινὰ καὶ τῆς γενναίας σταφυλῆς 
βότρυς σφριγῶντας, καὶ ἔθηκεν ἐπὶ τὴν τράπε- 
Cav, καταψήσασα φύλλοις ἀπὸ τῶν κρεῶν, 
ὑποβαλοῦσα καθαρὰν πτερίδα. ἧκον δὲ καὶ 
ς a \ οὶ Μ Χ / \ 
οἱ παῖδες THY ὗν ἄγοντες μετὰ γέλωτος Kal 
A 50 ee / “Ὁ ,ὔ 
παιδιᾶς, συνηκολούθει δὲ ἡ μήτηρ τοῦ νεανίσκου 
καὶ ἀδελφοὶ δύο παιδάρια: ἔφερον δὲ ἄρτους τε 
καθαροὺς καὶ φὰ ἑφθὰ ἐν ξυλίνοις πίναξι καὶ 


ἐρεβίνθους φρυκτούς. 


The wedding is discussed, the date is fixed, and Dion is 
invited to the festivities. 
᾿Ασπασαμένη δὲ Tov ἀδελφὸν ἡ γυνὴ Kal τὴν 
ἀδελφιδῆν ἐκαθέζετο παρὰ τὸν αὑτῆς ἄνδρα, καὶ 
εἶπεν, ᾿Ιδοῦ τὸ ἱερεῖον, ὃ οὗτος πάλαι ἔτρεφεν 
᾽ \ / \ Ψ \ > e nr 
εἰς TOUS γάμους. καὶ τᾶλλα τὰ παρ ἡμῶν 
Ὁ“ Sa ἘΠ ΝΜ ἣν ΚΩ͂Ν / 
ἕτοιμα ἐστι, καὶ ἄλφιτα καὶ ἄλευρα πεποίηται 
μόνον ἴσως οἰναρίου προσδεησόμεθα : καὶ τοῦτο 
> \ 2 A 7 a / 
οὐ χαλεπὸν ἐκ τῆς κώμης λαβεῖν. παρειστήκει 
\ > “ / ec εχ \ Ἁ \ > 
δὲ αὐτῇ πλησίον ὁ Vids πρὸς τὸν κηδεστὴν ἀπο- 


10 


15 


10 


30 ΔΙΏΝΟΣ KYNHTOS 





βλέπων. καὶ ὃς μειδιάσας εἶπεν, Οὗτος, ἔφη. 
2 \ Cones / x” \ ” UA A 
ἐστὶν ὁ eméywov' ἴσως yap ἔτι βούλεται πιῶναι 
\ κυ \ x ‘ e / 53 Ὁ Ν 
τὴν ὗν. καὶ τὸ μειράκιον, Αὕτη μέν, εἶπεν, ὑπὸ 
τοῦ λίπους διαρραγήσεται. κἀγὼ βουλόμενος 
A A 7 
αὐτῷ βοηθῆσαι, “Opa, ἔφην, μὴ ἕως πιαίνεται 
€ κυ Ὁ ¢€ Lal \ id U3 \ / 

ἡ US οὗτος ὑμῖν λεπτὸς γένηται. ἡ δὲ μήτηρ, 
᾿Αληθῶς, εἶπεν, ὁ E€vos λέγει, ἐπεὶ καὶ νῦν 
/ Cy “A 4 \ PA » , 
λεπτότερος αὑτοῦ γέγονε" καὶ πρῴην ἠσθόμην 
τῆς νυκτὸς αὐτὸν ἐγρηγορότα καὶ προελθόντα 
» lat A e if 5 ς f oN 
ἔξω τῆς σκηνῆς. Οἱ κύνες, ἔφη, ὑλάκτουν, Kal 
ἐξῆλθον ὀψόμενος. Οὐ σύ γε, εἶπεν, ἀλλὰ 
περιεπάτεις ἀλύων. μὴ οὖν πλείω χρόνον ἐῶμεν 
ἀνιᾶσθαι αὐτόν. καὶ περιβαλοῦσα ἐφίλησε τὴν 

id A / € \ \ \ BA x 
μητέρα τῆς κόρης. ἡ δὲ πρὸς τὸν ἄνδρα τὸν 
ἑαυτῆς, ἸΤοιῶμεν, εἶπεν, ὡς θέλουσι. καὶ ἔδοξε 
ταῦτα, καὶ εἶπον, Εἰς τρίτην ποιῶμεν τοὺς γά- 
μους. παρεκάλουν δὲ κἀμὲ προσμεῖναι τὴν 


ἡμέραν. 


my ἊΝ 
ἀνὰ yi ΘΕ ἢ 





ABBREVIATIONS 


—_¢— 

G. = Goodwin: Greek Grammar, 1898. 

Η. = Hadley and Allen: Greek Grammar. 

AJP. = American Journal of Philology. 

Gild. JM. — Gildersleeve : Justin Martyr, New York, 
1877. 

GMT. — Goodwin: Moods and Tenses, 1890. 

Kr. = Kriiger: Griechische Sprachlehre, Leip- 


zig, 1875-91. 
Ruth. Phryn. = Rutherford: The New Phrynichus, Lon- 


don, 1881. 
Ruth. Bab. = Rutherford: Babrius, London, 1888. 
Sch. = Schmid: Der Atticismus, Stuttgart, 1887- 
96, Vol. I. 


Nore. —In references to Dion Chrysostom outside of 
this text, the page and line of von Arnim’s edition is 
given, with the number of Morel’s page following in 
bracket. 

32 


NOTES 


—@~— 


CHAPTER I 


Page 1.—2. πρεσβυτικὸν, an old man’s failing. G. 
925; H. 617. Cf. Cic. Cato Major c. 16, Senectus est 
natura loquacior. 3. τὸ μηδένα κτλ., that almost irre- 
sistible desire to tell every story that occurs to one. The 
art. with the inf. sometimes points out the verbal idea 
in a deprecating or contemptuous way, €.§. τὸ γήμασθαι, 
‘‘this thing of getting married.’’ Gild. JM. pp. 159, 125. 
5. τυχὸν: adv. perhaps, as at 24, 2. Frequent in the 
Atticists; in Dion 48 times. Sch. p. 187. ἂν εἴη: 
G. 1328; Η. 872; GMT. 285 ff. See 4, 3. note. 
ἀλητικόν, the result of a roving life. 6. ἀμφότεροι, 
both an old man and a traveller. 7. οὐκ ἀηδῶς, with 
no little delight : a common phrase in Dion, who delights 
in litotes. Sch. p. 170. 8. ὅντινα: notice the use of 
ὅστις in an ind. question and parallel with οἷος. ζῶσι is 
the participle. 9. σχεδόν τι: the indefinite τὶς was 
employed very frequently by the Atticists in adjectival 
and adverbial expressions, in imitation of classical Attic 
writers. σχεδόν τι is especially common in Dion (Schmid 
counts 34 cases), and also in Strabo, Sch. pp. 136-7 ; 
Kr. 51, 16, 3 and 5. 

13. τὰ κοῖλα τῆς Εὐβοίας, the Hollows of Euboea. 
The high cliffs on the east coast of the island form a 
succession of palisades without an anchorage, and the 
rocks which jut far out into the sea make this outside 

D 33 


34 NOTES 





passage always dangerous. Here the Persian ships, 
which were sent from Artemisium to attack the rear 
of the Greek fleet, were wrecked. 14. ἀκάτιον: a 
fisherman’s boat. τραχύν τινα, a rough bit of beach. 
Chg. 15. ἐκβαλόντες, driving ashore. Cf. ἐκπεσόν- 
res, 138, 8; 22, 11. 

Page 2.—1. πορφυρεῖς, purple-fishers, who dredged 
up the shell-fish, the purple murex, from which the pre- 
cious dye was made. 2. ἐπὶ τῇ πλησίον χηλῇ; in the 
shelter of a spur of rocks hard by. 5. σωθήσομαν : the 
opt. mood is rarely found in post-classical Greek. It has 
been lost entirely from modern Greek. The Atticists 
revived its use, and sometimes employed an opt. in cases 
where the classical writers did not. In this revival Dion 
shared. The avoidance of the opt. of indirect statement 
in this text, however, is very noticeable, even if this is 
due only to the studied simplicity and directness of the 


narrative. Cf. 3,18; 17,1; 14; 24, 16, etc. 6. ἄλλως, 
at random. el, on chance of. 7. ἴδοιμι: the opt. 


with ef is the form of the ideal condition. It is often 
used by Dion where the conclusion is expressed by a 
pres. or a fut. ind. contrary to the usual classical practice. 
Sch. pp. 97-8. Here the conclusion is the implied pur- 
pose of ἐπλανώμην ; but the opt. does not necessarily sug- 
gest that the speaker is quoting the thought which was 
in his mind. Cf. Xen. Hel. I. v. 15. 

10. paxiav, breakers: from ῥήγνυμι, to break. 
11. The absence of conjunctions in this line is worthy 
of notice. Perhaps this amounts to a mannerism with 
this author. 12. ἀκοῦσαι: the inf. is regularly used 
after verbs of thinking. See 1. 15. note. So Dion in 
this text uses οἴομαι seven times, δοκέω, voulfouat, δια- 
νοέομαι, once each. With these also should be classed 
πυνθάνομαι (13,5), and εἴκαζον (2, 16). 13. ἤχον, roar. 


NOTES 35 
Bn a ee ee eee, 
ἀπὸ: the addition of a preposition to such phrases, 
while not unknown in classic Greek, was characteristic 
of post-classical and especially of Hellenistic writers, 
the latter of whom often imitated directly eastern idiom. 
15. ἠπορημένους, at fault: predicative part. after a verb 
of perceiving. G. 1588; H. 982. The perf. part. is 
often used by Dion to express the ‘state’ of the object. 
Sch. p. 96. ‘‘ Verbs of perception (knowing and show- 
ing) take ér or ὡς with the finite verb of intellectual 
perception, the participle of actual or intellectual per- 
ception. There are exceptions, but in view of the mass 
of examples the exceptions vanish. But, in later Greek, 
the line between verbs of perception and of conception 
(thinking) is often effaced.” Gild. JM. p. 107. In this 
text, however, these distinctions are maintained con- 
sistently: e.g. ὁράω is used five times with the part. as 
here ; once with ὡς and the ind. (26, 3), where intellectual 
perception is clearly implied. 16. εἴκαζον: on the 
augment, see Ruth. Phryn. pp. 244-5; Meisterhans: 
Att. Inschr. p. 136. ἀποβιασθὲν : circumstantial part. 
19. τὰ γένεια ὑγιῆ, with ruddy cheeks. κομῶντα KTA., 
wearing his hair long at the back. For the custom of 
wearing long hair among the earlier Greeks, see Sey- 
mour’s interesting note on κάρη κομόωντας, Iliad ii. 11. 
The Abantes, the inhabitants of Euboea in Homer’s 
time, were remarkable for wearing their back hair long, 
but their front hair ‘‘banged.”? liad ii. 586; 542. So 
Plutarch says of Theseus (c. 5) that, when he cut his 
hair as an offering to Apollo, he shaved τῆς κεφαλῆς 
τὰ πρόσθεν μόνον, ὥσπερ Ὅμηρος ἔφη τοὺς “ABavras. 
20. οἵους : attracted to the number of its antecedent and 
used as pred. with ἐλθεῖν. Cf. Iliad ii. 216, αἴσχιστος 
dé ἀνὴρ ὑπὸ Ἴλιον ἦλθεν ; also ii. 673. 21. δοκεῖν: 
G. 15384; H. 956. 


36 NOTES 





Page 3.—1. οἱ δὲ: without a preceding μέν. Kr. 50, 
1.4... Ci. Xen. Hel. 4. i. 14. ἐξ ἡμίσους : ἐκ is often 
used in such adverbial phrases. Cf. 2, 20; 10, 18. 
καὶ os, and he: cf. 22, 5; 26, 15; 27, 15; 80, 1. This 
demonstrative use of ὅς is very common, in Plato and 
Xenophon, after καί at the beginning of a sentence and 
in the phrase ἢ δ᾽ és. Xen. Sym. c. 1, 15; Anab. 1. viii. 
16; VII. vi. 4; Plato, Sym. 201 E. See Kr. ὅθ, 1, 6. 
Both καὶ ὅς and the stereotyped ἢ δ᾽ ὅς are common in 
Dion also, although unusual in his time, and help to 
swell the list of his Attic expressions. Sch. p. 122. 
Cf. Dion 1. p. 19, 12 (M. 21), οὐ μέντοι, ἢ δ᾽ ὃς ὁ ᾿Αλέ- 
ἕανδρος, ἀλλὰ κτλ., and Plato, Rep. 450 Β. Τί δέ; ἢ δ᾽ 
ὃς ὁ Θρασύμαχος κτλ. 

10. μακρὰν: adv. far off. This use of the acc. fem. 
of such an adj. to denote distance is an Atticism and 
frequent in Dion. Cf. 7, 13; 27,12. So βραχυτέραν I. 
p. 85, 4 (M. 88). Sch. p. 89. 12. ὡς τά ye viv KTA., 
since at present sailing is impossible. Mahaffy. Cf. 
Thuc. I. vii. 1; viii, 2. πλόϊμα = πλώιμα. 13. καὶ 
μὴ κτλ., and do not have any anxiety about that (viz. the 
impossibility of sailing). ‘‘ Ubrigens was das betrifft, sei 
unbesorgt.’? Golisch. Von Arnim says: ‘‘ καὶ — φοβηθῇς 
non intelligo.’’ 14. βουλοίμην δ᾽ ἂν: cf. 1, 5. note. 
15. ὅταν: ‘‘the relative with ἄν and subj. is in some 
respects parallel with ἐάν (see 17, 12. note). But observe 
that the relative with ἄν and subj. is always generic in 
prose.’? Gild. JM. p. 127. 16. πιεσθῇ; weighed down. 
18. κατηνέχθη, διεφθάρη: cf. 2, 5. note. 19. εἰ μὴ: 
‘‘in indirect questions introduced by εἰ, whether, μή can 
be used as well as οὐ." GMT. 667, 5. Doubtless this is 
due to similarity in form to a conditional protasis. 
But in later Greek μή ousted οὐ even where οὐ was prop- 
erly required. 21. σπουδῆς, pressing engagement. 


NOTES 37 


aE! a 


22. οὔκουν κτλ... it could not well be otherwise. 23. as, 
how, has properly the force of an adverb of manner, and 
implies this force in most of its uses. 

Page 4. ---8. σωθείη: ‘‘the opt. with ἄν is the poten- 
tial of the Greek language. It expresses the conviction 
of the speaker as a conviction. The future element is 
the ascertainment of the predicate. With the pres. opt. 
the action itself may be present or future ; with the aor. 
it is future. As the aorist is naturally associated with 
the negative, the aor. opt. and ἄν with neg. is very com- 
mon. The transl. with the negat. is often ‘can,’ with the 
positive ‘must.’ Remember that the English language 
has nothing to correspond to the Greek future, and 
the English future is often as good a rendering of the 
opt. and ἄν as itis of the Greek future.” Gild. JM. p. 


112." CET, 5. 5. ἐλαφροὶ. . . πλέοντες, unless they 
are in very light boats. Mahaffy. Such craft would 
founder nearer shore. %. κακοπαθείας, accident. 


9. σωθῇς: G. 13874; H. 885, Ὁ. σε ἔγνωμεν, have 
made your acquaintance: the aor. of attainment. 
11. ἀλλὰ: an odd use of the conjunction, and not 
only that but. See GMT. 513. ἄλλην has here the 
force of besides. Cf. Xen. Anab. I. v.5; Hel. 1. iv. 2; 
IL. ii. 18; iv. 9. Von Arnim’s conjecture of πόλλην, 
against the authority of the Mss. seems unnecessary. 
12. ἰσχνότητος, thinness. 13. οὐ yap κτλ. for I had 
no fear of any trap. ‘‘The present or aorist infinitive 
(without μήν, not in indirect discourse, may follow verbs 
of fearing, to denote the direct object of the fear; as in 
English, I fear to σο."" GMT. 373. 

15. ἱμάτιον : see 24, 5, note. μὲν: without δέ; but 
καὶ is equivalent. 17. συνεχεῖ: adj., constant. ὡς, 
how. Cf. 8, 23. note. 19. ἀδικεῖ : 50. πένητα. κη- 
ρύκεια, the insignia of heralds. 


38 NOTES 


CHAPTER II 


Page 5.— 5. γυναῖκας ἀλλήλων ἀδελφὰς : 1.6. we each 
married the other’s sister. 11. οὐχ ἧττον: the weight 
of Ms. authority is for οὐ χεῖρον, which Geel prefers. 
‘¢Nec dubium est,’’ he says, ‘‘ quin homo rusticus dicat 
οὐ χεῖρον pro haud minus.”’ 12. μισθοῦ: 1.6. hired. 
μακαρίου : in post-classical Greek this adj. meant rich. 
Schmid quotes this passage with two others [I. p. 209, 
10 (M. 120) ; p. 217, 19 (M. 128)] as the only examples 
of Dion’s use of the word in its post-classical sense. 
17, 10 might be added to the list. All are from Orat. VII. 
Elsewhere Dion gives the word its ordinary classical 
meaning.iv Tag: 7,10> Μὴ» ἡ ϑὺν: 
18. ἐνθένδε, ἐκ : the Greek sometimes regards the locus 
of anything as the place from which it proceeds, rather 
than as the place in which it is. For a discussion of 
such variation in expressions of place see Sch. p. 91. 
Also G. 1225-6; H.788. 15. καλοὺς δὲ kal πολλοὺς : SO 
the Mss. read. Von Arnim, following Dindorf, reverses 
the order. 16. χρήματα often means personal property 
as opposed to κτήματα, land and stock. See Gild. JM. 
p. 182. Ona@aAda, see 4,11. note. 18. kal, furthermore. 

Page 6.—1. βασιλέως, emperor. The odium of the 
Latin ‘rex’ was borne by the Greek τύραννος. βασιλεύς 
retained its dignity as the title of a priestly office and 
also through association with the Persian king. The 
opening line of Augustus’ letter to the Cnidians (Bulle- 
tin de Correspondance Hellénique, VII. 63) gives certain 
other well-known titles of the emperors : — 


Αὐτοκράτωρ Καῖσαρ θεοῦ vids Σεβαστὸς ἀρχιερεύς. 


2. ὥστε with the inf. expresses a tendency to a result ; 
its nearest English equivalent is so as. The particle 


NOTES 39 
ee  -  - ὁ ῤ᾿. ο  ἕΠ 


seems to have been used first to reinforce the inf., like 
the English ‘for’ in ‘*‘ What went ye out for to see?” 
So with wore and inf. the negative is μή ino. r. ὥστε 
with a finite form expresses result and is an outgrowth 
from the inf. construction, due to the desire to make the 
fact more prominent. Its neg. therefore is οὐ with ind., 
μή with subj. or imp. AJP. VII. 161 ff.; XIV. 240 ff. 
Of course the distinction between so as and so that was 
not always maintained. In this text ὥστε with inf. ap- 
pears five times (7, 2; 16,4; 10; 25, 15); in the last two 
cases it is so that. wore with ind. occurs four times. 
8. ἄττα: Attic for τινά ; translate Jew. The word had 
entirely disappeared from the spoken and the literary 
language of the time. Lucian quotes it as an affecta- 
tion (Lex. c. 21), but uses it himself eight times. It is 
not infrequent in Dion. Sch. p. 111. βοίδια : diminu- 
tive, evidently colloquial. Found also in Dem. and 
Arist. Sch. p. 118. As to its form, see Phryn. Ixix. 
4. ἀποδέδωκεν : note the full force of the perf., has paid 
us to this day. The perf. seems to be common in ex- 
pressions relating to payments. Cf. 9, 12. ἀπέδωκεν, 
however, has good Ms. authority. 6. σκηνὰς, cabins. 
7. αὐλὴν, enclosure. 8. ὡς dv οἶμαι: here ws ἄν is 
used elliptically, without a verb, the οἶμαι being merely 
parenthetical. In such cases ὥσπερ is more common. 
G. 1818; H. 863; GMT. 227. Cf. 7, 25 8; 155.13, 17; 
14, 13. The parenthetical οἶμαι is used so often by Dion 
as to give a distinct color to his style. The expression 
is common in Plato and Demosthenes, among the Atti- 
cists, also in Philostratus and Lucian. Sch. p. 128. :> CE. 
λέγομεν, Justin M. Ap. I. c.59; Ap, Wie. 1, 10. ἐνέμο- 
μεν, ἀπηλαύνομεν : note the change of tense from κατε- 
μείναμεν, 1. 5, ἀποκείμενον : κεῖμαι is used in Attic 
Greek as the perf. pass. of τίθημι, the perf. τέθειμαι 


40 NOTES 


being always middle in force. 13. ἐποιοῦντο : sc. our 
fathers. 

14. χωρίον: sc. ἐστί. ‘'Dio per totum hunc sermo- 
nem his hominibus orationem tribuit simplicissimam.”’ 
Geel, p. 178. 20. δρυμοὶ, glades. 21. οἶστρον, gad- 
Sly. 23. ὑπὸ ὑψηλοῖς κτλ., beneath tall trees far 
apart, i.e. where pasturage is better than in denser 
woodland. 

Page 7.—2. ὥστε py: translate so that there is no 
need. But see 6, 2. note. 

6. διετράφησαν κτλ. : cf. Xen. Hel. 11. i. 1. 7. elp- 


γασμένοι, have brought under cultivation. 8. σταθμοῦ: 
G. 1148-9 ; H. 757. 13. βουσίν: i.e. those which were 
confiscated. 17. μέχρυ τινός, for a short distance. 


18. σνῶν κτλ.: G. 1105; 1161; H. 742. 20. ἤμυνον, 
stood on guard. 21. ὥσπερ av: cf. 6, 8. note. 22. at- 
ματος : G. 1102; H. 742. 23. κρεῶν: partitive. 

Page 8.—1. κρέασιν: G. 1181; H. 778. μάζης, 
bread. τῶν μὲν κτλ. gorging themselves with meat when 
any game was bagged, but otherwise hungry. τῶν : SC. 
κρεῶν. (.1118; H.743. μή: 56. τι ἁλοίῆ. 3. προσεῖ- 
Xov: sc. τὸν νοῦν, ‘‘a familiar 61110515.) 5. ὀσμῆς κτλ. 
they followed the scent after α fashion. ὀσμῆς: G.1102; 
H. 742. On the form, see Ruth. Phryn. pp. 160-164. 
6. ἀπέβησαν, turned out. τοιοῦτοί KTA., ‘‘eiusmodi 
tardi quidam discipuli, multoque tardiores venatores,’? 
Nageorgus; 1.6. slow enough to learn this trade, but 
slower still as hunters. But perhaps the Latin transla- 
tion has improved on the Greek original. 

13. χειμερινὴ : G. 1090; H. 790, 6. Cf. 14,5. On the 
form, see Ruth. Phryn. p. 125. 14. ὡς ἂν κτλ., as you 
might suppose, being stamped in the moist ground. ὡς 
dv: οἵ, 6, 8. note. On σημαίνω in the sense of σφραγίζω, 
cf. Xen, Cyr. VIII. ii. 17, ταῦτα δέ... καὶ γράψας καὶ σημη- 


NOTES 4] 
an A ae a ata a ee ay ee πο νψ τ Ὁ 
νάμενος ἐδίδου. 15. ἢ δὲ χιὼν κτλ. ““ Δη4 the snow shows 
the game far off, and leaves tracks as clear as a high 
road.’’ Mahaffy. 19. δορκάδας, roe (deer). 20. εὐ- 
vais, forms, beds. τὸ ἀπ᾽ ἐκείνου : G. 955, 2; 1060; 
H. 600, a; 719. 

Page 9.—1. πέρυσι σχεδόν, about a year ago. ΟἿ. 
Babrius, lxxxix. 4-5. 2. βεβιώκεσαν : the omission of 
the augment from the pluperfect is characteristic of later 
Greek. In the New Testament this augment is for the 
most part entirely omitted. Such omission is not un- 
known in classical Greek, especially where a collision 
of vowels would offend the ear. Cf. Thue. I. ec. 89, 3; 
Dem. 299. But βεβιώκεσαν may be merely a scribe’s 
error. The Mss. differ as to the true text here, and 
there is strong evidence for ἐβεβιώκεσαν. ‘The mere 
fact of the gradual disappearance of the augment from 
the pluperfect after Macedonian times is sufficient to 
account for the state of the manuscripts.’ Ruth. Bab. 
p. 9. note. Cf. 11, 14. note; 18, 23. 3. Kal νέοι: von 
Arnim, following Wilamowitz, rejects these words against 
the authority of the Mss., thus robbing the passage of a 
flavor which the author may have been at some pains to 
impart. 


CHAPTER III 


The simple-hearted honesty of these peasants, in con- 
trast with the shrewdness and trickery of the towns- 
folk, is the underlying theme of this chapter. The next 
gives a picture of the happiness of the country life. 
Doubtless Dion would have found it hard to discover in 
real life such characters as these hunters. Certainly 
their absolute simplicity was incomprehensible to the 
crowd which met to hear the trial. 6. πόλιν: Carystos 
is nearest and is doubtless the city referred to. But, as 


42 NOTES 


Mahaffy remarks, ‘‘ Dion takes care to leave it so vague 
that Chalcis would suit as well.’’ Certainly if the scenes 
were imaginary, there was no need to define too closely 
their stage-setting. ‘There were valuable marble quarries 
near Carystos belonging to the Roman emperors. This 
adds some plausibility to the hunter’s statement on 6, 1. 

8. ὁπηνίκα properly refers to the time of day (Arist. 
Birds, 1498 f.), but was often used in a more general sense, 
especially in later writers (Arist. Frogs, 646; Dem. 
230; 874, etc.). See Ruth. Phryn. pp. 122-8. 9. ἔχον- 
Tas: SC. ἡμᾶς, pers. Obj. of αἰτῶν. G. 1069; H. 724. 
11. ἀλλ᾽, but on the contrary. Cf. 4, 11. μὴ ἔχειν: 
verbs of swearing, like those which involve the will, 
regularly take μή for their negative, and μή is often used, 
conformably to the Greek use of negatives in general, 
even after ἀπόμνυμι When it means ‘deny with an oath.’ 
See Gild. JM. p.118; GMT. 136; 685. Here ἀπωμοσάμην 
is probably used for an emphatic ὠμοσάμην, as appears 
from the δεδωκέναι following. Cf. Babrius, lxxv. 19-20. 


κἀπώμοσ᾽ αὐτοῖς ὅτι σὺ Tats ἀληθείαις 
ἱατρὸς οὐκ εἶ καὶ μάτην διεβλήθης. 


ἀπόμνυμαι is used once again, 24, 22. It is not found in 
the middle in Attic writers. Sch. p. 94. 12. εἰ δὲ μή, 
otherwise: a stereotyped phrase. δεδωκέναι: the perf. 
inf. representing the pluperf. ind. of a condition contrary 
to fact, which is very unusual, may find justification here 
in the fact that δίδωμι in the pres. often meant to offer, 
e.g. 18, 7; 24, 12. ἐξενίσαμεν, entertain: from ξενίζω. 
Page 10.—4. τοὺς πύργους and ἐν τῷ λιμένι (1. 5) 
may be explanations offered by Dion himself. So 
Reiske holds. Others would expunge them as a gloss. 
10. ἀμήχανον, tremendous. Cf. ἀενάων ποταμῶν ἀμήχανα 
μεγέθη, Plato, Phaedo, 111 1). 12. ἄρχοντας, magis- 


NOTES 43 





trates. 13. el ph ye: cf. 9, 12; 28, 21. 14. τὴν κόμην, 
his long hair. Cf. 2, 19. note. 15. θέατρον: theatres 
were common all over Greece at this time, even in the 
smaller towns, and were regularly used for public meet- 
ings. See Mahaffy: Greek Life and Thought, p. 382 f. 
ἐβάδιζον : ‘the imperfect is a present transferred to the 
past.”” GMT. 35. The action in this passage is repre- 
sented as in progress. All the verbs describing the scene 
are in the imp., with the exception of κατέπεσον, whose 
tense is explained by ἅπαξ. ἐβάδιζον, therefore, is not 
‘began to walk,’ a force which the imp. seldom, if ever, 
has. See Ruth. Bab. p. 21 (xv. 4). Dion not infre- 
quently uses such a succession of imperfects in a vivid 
and detailed description. Cf. 23, 11-15; 25, 8-26, 5. 

16. σὺν: for the difference in use between σύν and 
μετά, See Tycho Mommsen: Beitriige z. d. Lehre v. ἃ. g. 
Prapositionen, p. 1. In later Greek the distinction does 
not seem to have been maintained, except in the New 
Testament and in Christian writers. See Gild. JM. p. 
120. 18. στρογγύλον ἐξ ἡμίσους, half rounded (semi- 
circular). ‘The hunter’s attempt at description will 
seem less awkward when it is remembered that in later 
Greek φάραγξ, a ravine, was sometimes used for βόθρος, 
a hole. Ruth. Bab. p. Ix. αὐτόματον : οἵ. αὐτόματος 
θάνατος, a natural death, Dem. 296. 20. εἰδότι κτλ., a 
favorite rhetorical turn, Thue. II. c. 36, 4, and Hdt. VII. 
c.8,1. Gild.JM.p.121. 22. ἐβόων : constructio ad sen- 
sum. G.900; Η. 609. Thisis reckoned as an Atticism : 
see Sch. pp. 101-2 (cf. 1, 2). In Dion, the agreement of 
the verb with a collective noun is somewhat variable : in 
12, 12 and 28, 15 a single verb, closely following a collec- 
tive, is in the sing.: of two verbs following, the nearer 
is sing., the other plu., in this passage, in 13, 22, and 
23, 12: both are plu. in 12, 24. Where a verb or verbs 


44 NOTES 





precede the collective they are commonly plu., e.g. Dion 
I. p. 69, 14 (M. 72), p. 149, 25 (M. 188), 11. p. 278, 26 
(M. 281). πρᾷως καὶ ἱλαροὶ, in good humor. Dion 
is very apt to double his adjectives after the manner of 
the rhetoricians. Cf.2,15; 21; 3,23; 9,3; 18,15; 20, 20; 
as well as many other passages throughout where two 
expressions are used, but with a more considerable dif- 
ference in shade of meaning, e.g. 6, 7; 15; 20. 

Page 11. —2. ἣν δὲ τοῦτο κτλ., and this was danger- 
ous, this business of their anger. The article serves to 
hold up the idea expressed by the dependent genitive 
more distinctly as an object of thought, very much as 
the article often adds a demonstrative force to the infini- 
tive, | CE. Ἵ, 5. note. “G. 953 > Ἧς 1900}: 4. ois ἀνέ- 
Kpayov, with what they shouted out. Geel would amend 
to ἐνέκραγον, referring οἷς to τοὺς ἀνθρώπους. περιτρέ- 
χοντες ἐδέοντο, ran about begging for their lives. 8. ἄλλοι 
δέ: translate moreover. Cf.4,11. note. 9. παριόντες: 
i.e. on the platform. ot ὃ ἐκ κτλ., answering to the 
παριόντες Without the μέν. μέσων : notice the plural. 
See Ruth. Bab. p. 74. 12. τινα: ci. “1, 14: note: 
13. εὐθὺς φθεγξαμένοις, at their very first utterance. The 
aorist here is complexive rather than inceptive, and 
refers to the fact of their speaking at all as the cause of 
the people’s anger. The participle is predicative. Cf. 
Xen. Sym. c. 8,18; Hdt. VII. c. 46; Arist. Frogs, 644. 
On the tense, see Gild. JM. p. 148; GMT. 148. 

14. δὲ καθέστασαν: the true text here is uncertain. 
All the better Mss. give a double augment, but differ 
as to the verb-form. The majority have δ᾽ ἐκαθέσθησαν. 
The editors since Emperius have emended this to δὲ 
καθέστασαν; before, to δ᾽ ἐκάθησαν. It is, of course, im- 
possible to decide on the authority of the Mss., none 
of which is earlier than the eleventh century, whether 


NOTES 45 


the first e belonged originally to the preposition or the 
verb. See the article in Ruth. Phryn. pp. 79-87, on 
irregularities in the augmentation of certain verbs (not 
including καθίστημι). Matthew xii. 15, however, has 
ἀπεκατεστάθη; also Mark iii. 5; Lucian, Philopat. c. 27, 
ἀπεκατέστησε. Cf. 9, 2; 18, 23; 24, 25. On καθίστασθαι 
in the sense of to be quiet, see Sch. p. 160. Cf. Dion I. 
p. 29, 10 (M. 31); p. 275, 7 (M. 370) ; p. 283, 27 (M. 379). 

Page 12.—2. πολλὰς von Arnim places after ἐμπε- 
φευτεύκασι, With deference doubtless to the veracity of 
the prosecutor. 4. γῆς: G. 1184; H. 746, ο. 5. δω- 
peav: adv. Cf. μακρὰν, 7, 13. ὑπὲρ τίνος, for what 
service. 6. ἂν ἔλαβον : potential indicative. G. 1335- 
40; H. 903. 7. λειτουργία, at Athens in classic times, 
meant a burdensome public service which the richer 
citizens performed at their own expense, voluntarily or 
by appointment, such as supplying and training a chorus 
for the theatre. In the Roman period almost all public 
offices were ‘liturgies’ in this sense. The word some- 
times meant the public worship of the gods, and, when 
adopted by the Christian church, an established ritual 
for public worship, our ‘liturgy.’ 9. γιγνομένων, earn- 
ings. ‘*Neque aliquam partem fructuum et redituum 
solverunt.’? Nageorgus. Cf. Lucian, Dream,c. 1. τὸν 
πατέρα evppavety ἀποφέρων ἀεὶ τὸ γιγνόμενον. See also 
15, 15: ἀτελεῖς, exempt from taxes. 10. εὐεργέται: 
the title of εὐεργέτης was conferred upon foreigners in 
Greek cities by a vote of the assembly, in recognition 
of some special service. Such a title was like an honor- 
ary degree, but also entitled the recipient to certain 
privileges. 

11. οἶμαι often means fancy, ween (Latin opinari), as 
opposed to ἡγεῖσθαι, deem (ducere), used of solid convic- 
tion. Gild. JM. p. 111. Cf. 13, 17. μηδὲ : ‘* the neg. 


46 NOTES 


of the inf. after verbs of saying and thinking is regularly 
ov. But in this period (the Roman) the neg. μή is em- 
ployed everywhere with the inf.’’ Gild. JM. p. 118. 
Dion’s frequent use of μή for οὐ constitutes one of the 
few distinct traces of a post-classical element in his 
style. Cf. 18, 7. On Dion’s use of μή, see Sch. p. 99 ff. 
See also the interesting article on the post-classical use of 
far in ATP. 1, pr 4b if. 12. ἀνένευσα : ἀνανεύω is the 
opposite of κατανεύω, to nod assent. 14. ἐπιστρέψας, 
turning to the audience. So Geel; while Reiske takes 
ἐπιστρέψας = ἐπιστρεφέως εἰπών, speaking impassionedly. 
Cf.-Hadt. I. c. 30. 15. οὕτως: pregnans, so. οὐκ av 
φθάνοιμεν κτλ., why don’t we all proceed to plunder the 
public property? Mahaffy. On the opt., see 4, 3. note. 
On the tense of the part., see Gild. JM. p. 126: ‘‘ The 
typical construction (of the part. with λανθάνω, τυγχάνω, 
φθάνων) is identity of tenses, so far as continuance, at- 
tainment, and completion is concerned, but the rule is 
not closely observed except with φθάνω." Cf. 6,6. See 
also GMT. 887 and 144. 17. ἀμέλει, doubtless: adv. 
19. py πείσαντες : another example of the post-classical μή, 
due in this instance perhaps to the fact that μὴ πείσαντες 
had become almost a stereotyped phrase, generally with 
a conditional force. See AJP. I. p. 56 ff. ὑμᾶς: 
referring to the body politic. 20. προῖκα: gratis. 
24. ἐγέλων, ἐθορύβουν: see 10, 22. note; also 19, 22, 
25. ὁ ῥήτωρ Cobet regards as a gloss: cf. 10, 4. note. 

Page 13. —1. eis: not unknown after verbs of look- 
ing, implying direction; but πρός is more common in 
Attic. 3. καθάρματος, scamp, brute. 4. ἀπάγειν, 
hale to execution. Cf. Acts xii. 19, ‘Hpwéns dé... ἀνα- 
κρίνας τοὺς φύλακας ἐκέλευσεν ἀπαχθῆναι ; Philo, In Flac- 
cum, c. 5 (II. p. 522 Mangey’s edition) ; Justin M. Ap. 11. 
ο. 2, 1. 48 and 59. No Greek magistrate, however, is 


NOTES 47 





likely to have had any such arbitrary power. The pas- 
sage in the text therefore must be regarded as merely 
oratorical, and must not be taken too literally. 4. ὀλίγον 
δέω, J am almost ready. κοινωνὸν, associate. 5. el- 
vat: πυνθάνομαι takes the constructions of ἀκούω : as a 
verb of thinking, in the sense of Tam given to understand, 
it takes the inf. ; as a verb of knowing, the part. or ὅτι. 
See 18, 4. note. κορυφαίους, ringleaders. 7. μηδὲ: 
see 12,11.note. vavayiwv: ἃ. 1117; H. 748. 9. σχε- 
δόν τι: frequent in Dion, but not unknown to classical 
authors. Cf. 1, 9. Καφηρίδας (sc. πέτρας), the Ca- 
pharides, the name given to the treacherous rocks off 
Cape Caphareus. See note to 1. 18 below. 10. πολυ- 
τελεῖς, rich. 13. éwpida: the exomis, or ordinary gar- 
ment of the slaves and of laborers, especially countrymen, 
differed from the chiton commonly worn by ali freemen 
in that, while the latter covered both shoulders, the 
exomis hung from the left shoulder alone, and passed 
thence across the chest, leaving the right arm, shoulder, 
and breast bare. Like the chiton, the exomis reached 
nearly to the knees. 

17. οἶμαι : parenthetical. Cf. 6, 8. note. 18. Nav- 
mov: king of Euboea, whose son Palimedes was killed 
at Troy through the treachery of Ulysses and others. 
At the end of the Trojan war, when the Greek army was 
returning home, Nauplius kindled beacon fires on Cape 
Caphareus, and many of the Greeks, arriving at the coast 
by night, were misled by the lights and shipwrecked on 
the rocks. Strabo, c. 368, and Eurip. Hel. 1136 ff. 


πολλοὺς δὲ πυρσεύσας 
φλογερὸν σέλας ἀμφὶ ῥυτὰν 
Εὔβοιαν, εἶλ᾽ ᾿Αχαιῶν 
μονόκωπος ἀνὴρ πέτραις 
Καφηρίαις ἐμβαλών. 


48 NOTES 


19. otpat: cf. 12, 11. note. 22. ἠγριοῦτο, went wild. 
23. ἐδεδοίκειν : for the augment, see notes on 9, 2; 11, 14. 
μή κτλ., G. 1378; 1073; Η. 887; 725, a. 

Page 14.—1. ἐπιεικὴς, gentlemanly. 3. σχήματος, 


mien. μὲν : see 4, 15. note. The ἔπειτα εἶπε conveys 
the contrast. 4. ἐσιώπησαν: constructio ad sensum. 
Cf. 10, 22. note. τῇ φωνῇ πρᾷως, in a quiet tone. G. 
1182 ; H. 780. 5. ὅτι ἀδικοῦσιν : εἰπεῖν, in the sense of 


say, commonly takes ὅτι or ὡς in classic Greek ; for εἰπεῖν 
originally gives the exact utterance (ἔπος). Gild. JM. 
p. 128. But see AJP. XIV. p. 375; VI. 489; IV. 88. 
Notice also the avoidance of the opt. in the secondary 
sequence. τὴν ἀργὴν : cf. 8,13. note. The Mss. unite 
in giving dpyjv; Boissonade and von Arnim, however, 
τὴν ἀργόν. See Ruth. Phryn. p. 185; Bab. p. 62 (ixii. 1). 
11. τὰ δύο μέρη : in the expression of a fraction in Greek, 
the denominator is invariably omitted when it exceeds 
the numerator by only one, e.g. two-thirds, three-fourths, 
ete UCE: Phe y Tis: x, +2. ὀρεινά: 1.6. waste. Von 
Arnim, Dindorf, Emperius, after Pflugk, emend to ἔρημά, 
contrary to the Mss. ἔρημα certainly seems more natural. 
ὀρεινός properly means pertaining to the mountains ; but 
may perhaps be tolerated here as figurative. Cf. Babrius, 
xii. 20 f., to which Rutherford quotes from Harpocration, 
ὀργὰς καλεῖται τὰ λοχμώδη καὶ ὀρεινὰ χωρία Kal οὐκ ἐπεργα- 
ζόμενα. 

17. προστελέσαιμι : sc. ἄν, εἰ with the opt. in the prot- 
asis and the opt. and ἄν in the apodosis is aptly called 
the ideal condition. ‘‘It is the condition of fancy, and 
is chiefly used for illustration, or when an element of 
hope or fear (wish) comes in. In later Greek εἰ with 
the opt. is not so sharply distinguished from édy with the 
subj. as in the classic period, and occasional deviations 
are to be found in all stages.’’ Gild. JM. p. 108. 


NOTES 49 


Sa eM nacre 0ὃ.ὃ0ὁ - τ΄ --ΟΟα--- -ε-- ---- ε------ 


17. δῆλον : sc. ἐστί. 18. πλέονος: α. 1186; 1140; 
ἘΠ᾿ 7559. 1 19. ἐνεργός : the use of this adjective in 
its passive sense is not so common in the classic period. 
Xenophon, however, uses it freely. Cf. Xen. Oyr. III. 
ii. 19. 

Page 15.—5. γῆς: G. 1091; 4736.0 (ERR, 165 
6. ἀφορμήν, capital, originally ‘a starting-point.’ Justin 
M. Ap. I. c. 4, 25; c.44, 27. For a discussion of this word, 
see Ruth. Phryn. p.304. 7. ἢ δυνατός : 50. ἐργάζεσθαι. 
9. ἀπηλλαγμένοι : SC. ὦσι. 10. ἀργίας καὶ πενίας : this 
perhaps for rhetorical effect. 11. ἐχόντων : imperative. 
Here Dion uses the more classical form ; in the next line, 
however, the longer ending. 12. ταξάμενοι, assessed. 
τ. μοῖραν ὀλίγην is rendered by Nageorgus ‘‘ constitutam 
modicam partem.”’ 13. ἀπὸ δὲ τῶν βοσκημάτων : only 
the cultivation of the public land was to be taxed, while 
cattle-grazing on untilled land was to be free. 

13. ἐὰν yewpyy: the ‘‘ anticipatory condition.’’ ‘This 
is the common form, 1. Of the future condition ; 2; OF 
the universal condition (good for all time): it is chiefly 
used in practical matters, and is the invariable form in 
laws (legal condition).’? Gild. JM. p. 105. 15. ὃι- 
πλάσιον ἢ: cf. 6. 1154; H.755,a. 17. εἶναι: G. 1537- 
40; H. 957, a; GMT. 784, 2. Cf. Ken; Heb. Levis 9. 
21. προάστειον, suburbs. 22. τείχους: notice the 
absence of the article. See Kr. 50, 2, 15 (also 47, 
1D): 23. ἄξιον θαυμάσαι, one may well wonder. 
ῥητόρων: G. 1102; H. 744. 25. δὲ, whereas. 

Page 16.—2. οὐδὲν: see 12, 11. note. As Schmid 
(p. 99), in commenting on Dion’s use of od and μή, re- 
marks, οὐ has persisted in modern Greek only in the forms 
δέν and ὄχι. Cf. 19, 19. 8. ἐμβάλλει: intransitive. 
9. βουλευτήριον κτλ., the senate house and the public 
offices. Cf. Xen. Cyr. I. 11. 3. For the formation, see 

E 


50 NOTES 


G. 843; H. 561. 10. ὥστε: see 6, 2. note. πρῶτον: 
Selden’s correction for πρώτους. 

14. ταλαιπώρους ἰδιώτας, poor commoners. On ἰδιώτης, 
see Xen. Mem. 111. xii. 1. 17. λωποδυτῶσιν, be sneak- 


thieves. 18. τούτους ἐᾶν, allow these men to remain 
in possession. Cf. the expression ‘No one is allowed 
on the premises.’ 18. ὑποτελοῦντας : conditional. 
19. τὸ λοιπὸν: Sch. p. 126. ὅσον μέτριον, whatever 
is reasonable. περὶ δὲ τῶν κτλ., to remit their back 
rents. 21. κατελάβοντο, 1.6. they have a squatter’s 
right. 22. τοῦ χωρίου: cf. 12, 4. 23. ἐλάττονος: 


G. 1183; H. 746. 25. ἐλοιδοροῦντο: reflexive, they 
stormed at each other. 

Page 17.—1. τέλος: adv. βούλομαι: note the 
avoidance of the Opt. Cf. 3, 18. and 1. 14 below. 
5. ᾧμην: see 18, 19. note. 6. φλυαροῦντος : gen. abs. 
with τούτου understood; its object is ἀγροὺς, etc. G. 
1568 fine print; H. 972, a. 8. ἣν; (1011: ἘΠ Bit 
9. ἐδώκαμεν, μεν: G. 1371; H. 884. 10. μακαρίων, 
gentry. 12. κἂν: anticipatory condition. Cf. 15, 18. 
13. ἐπήνεσαν, applauded. 

18. apxea: a late form for ἄρκτεια, adj. from ἄρκος or 
ἄρκτος, α bear. But see Sch. p.156. τράγεια, goat-skins. 
19. ἄλλα δὲ κτλ., and what are not old are small. ἄλλα 
is here equivalent to a τὰ μέν, contrasted with the ra δὲ 
following. Cf. 11, 8. 

Page 18.—2. ἄγροικον, farmer. 4. ἀκούεις : “ ἀκούω, 
as a verb of knowing, takes the participle, or ὅτι; as a 
verb of thinking, the inf.; of actual perception, the gen. 
and partic.’? Gild. JM. p. 124. Cf. 28, 18. 5. τάλαν- 
τον: the word originally meant a balance, then a stand- 
ard weight, then asum of money. The archon, of course, 
meant the money talent: the countryman knew the talent 
only as a weight, about 85 pounds in his time. The 


NOTES 51 





English have this double use of pound. 6. θέλοιμεν : 
this is the only optative in simple indirect discourse in 
this text. The very next question, 1. 12, depending 
upon the identical verb-form ἠρώτα, has its verb in the 
pres. ind. See 2, 5. note, and also 2, 7. ἵσταμεν, 
weigh. 7. SSopev, we are ready to give: so used in 
pres. and imp. 9. σκελίδες KTA., sides of bacon, veni- 
son, and other fine meat. γενναῖα: see 29, 3. note. 

13. Avo μεδίμνους KtA., three bushels of wheat, six of 
barley and as many of millet, and a half a peck of beans. 
The medimnus, the standard grain measure, was equal 
to about 14 bushels. The ἑκτεύς (from ἕκτος, ἕξ) was a 
sixth part of a medimnus. 16. τῆτες, this year: an 
unusual word in literature, but perhaps common enough 
to a countryman: it occurs three times in Aristophanes. 
21. ὅπως ἥξει: G. 1372, fine print; 1352; H. 885-6. 
Lys. xii. 50. 

Page 19.—3. ἐπαφῶσιν (ἐπ-αφ-ίημι), leave them on 
the vines. iva: parenthetical use of ἕνα with the subj. 
as the inf. is sometimes used in English. Out of iva with 
the subj. the modern Greek infinitive was developed. 
Cf. Xen. Sym. ii. 26. 5. Bots κολοβή, a muley cow. 
6. δρέπανα, δίκελλαι, sickles, mattocks. 9. τὰ δὲ κερά- 
pera, as for the crockery —why should one speak of that. 
Note the use of the pot. opt. in a rhetorical question, 
implying its own answer. 11. δυσὶ: this form is not 
used by Herodotus or any Attic writer. It is found, 
however, in Hippocrates and Aristotle, and in later 
writers generally. It is common in Dion [I. p. 110, 14 
(M. 145); 249, 11 (M. 342); II. p. 197, 12 (M. 640); 224, 
11 (Δ. 667) ]. 12. σιτάριον : see 27, 16. note. 

17. ἐκείνου: G. 1123; H. 761-2. 17. μοι δοκεῖν : cf. 
2,21. 6. 1684: H.956. 20. πρὸς βίαν : ἃ common use 
οὗ πρός in adverbial phrases. Kr. 68, 99, 8; Sch. p. 168. 


52 NOTES 





ἀλλοτρίων, foreigners. Here the speaker replies to the 
insinuation, made by the first speaker, that he was not 
a citizen (12, 11). Further on (20, 19 ff.) he refers to 
the attempt to blacken his character by the suggestion 
that he and his companion caused the wreck of ships in 
order to plunder the wreckage and the bodies washed 
ashore (18, 7 ff.). For the case, see G. 1118; H. 748, a. 
21. ἐπεί τοι, for you know. ‘rol appeals to the con- 
sciousness of the hearer.’’ Gild. JM. p. 114. ἐπεί 
τοι is a common formula in Dion. See Sch. p. 187. 
22. πατρὸς: G. 1103; H.742,c. Kal ποτε ἐκεῖνος KTA., 
‘‘cum fieret aliquando, ut, in urbem appulsus, interve- 
niret largitioni numariae, tulit et ipse partem suam 
ratam.’’ Reiske. It was of course the best proof of 
citizenship that a man should have been allowed to share 
in a ‘state dole.’ Cf. Lucian, Zimon, c. 49. διδομένῳ 
is predicative. The pred. part. is often best rendered in 
English by a verbal noun; the substantive must then be 
translated by a genitive. Such a participial phrase may 
be in any of the constructions possible to a verbal noun, 
6.0. ῥώμην καὶ ἡ νῆσος ἐμπρηθεῖσα παρεῖχεν, Thuc. IV. c. 
29. Cf. the familiar use of the part. in Latin, e.g. ab 
urbe condita. See Kr. 56, 10, 2; 50, 11, 3. 

Page 20.—4. φανῆναι: note the aor. inf. after the 
fut. verb. G. 1520. 6. εἰ μή ye: elliptical. Cf. 28, 21. 


λοιδορούμενον, with his tongue. 11. καθελοῦμεν : a late 
fut. of καθαιρέω. Cf. Anth. Plan. 334. ὅπως δώσετε: 
see 18, 21. note. 13. χειμῶνος : the gen. of time died 


out in ordinary Greek. The Atticists revived its use in 
their effort after classic elegance. But in classic Greek 
the gen. denoted only time within which; the Atti- 
cists used it also to denote duration. Sch. p. 90. Cf. I. 
p. 205, 27 (M. 116); II. 106, 10 (M. 549); 188, 29 (M. 
582) ; 210, 18 (M. 653). 


NOTES 53 


15. εἰ δὲ κτλ. : the logical condition. See Gild. JM. 
p. 111. The εἰ δὲ resumes the thought of ἐὰν δὲ (1. 9), 
what intervenes being parenthetical. On the οὐ, see 
Gild, JM. p. 214. The sentence is conditional only in 
form ; the fact of their not living in the city is asserted, 
and therefore οὐ is used. 16. στενοχωρίᾳ, misery: a 
post-classical meaning. Cf. Dion, I. p. 252, 29 (M. 345); 
Dion Cassius, xxxix. 54, τῆς τοῦ καιροῦ στενοχωρίας, 
the hardness of the times; 2 Corinthians vi. 4. See Sch. 
p. 163. The word originally meant only ‘ narrowness of 
space.’ 17. οὐ δήπου, 7 should not think. This is the 
only sentence in which he pleads for his home. On 
Dion’s use of οὐ δήπου for the post-classical οὐχ οἷον, see 
Sch. p. 184. 19. See 18, 7. 24. καὶ ὁτιοῦν, any- 
thing at all: the καί merely emphasizes the following 
word. 

Page 21. —1. τέφραν, splinters ; properly ashes. Dion 
may have been reading Plutarch, Them. c. 8, where the 
débris left by the burning of the wreckage at Artemesium 
is called κόνιν τεφρώδη. σμικρὰ = μικρὰς See Meister- 
hans: Gram. d. Att. Inschr. p. 68, 12. 3. Tappots, oar- 
blades: Jacobs’ suggestion for the Adpouvs of the Mss., 
which von Arnim retains, 4. καὶ τούτους : epanalep- 
tic use of the demonstrative, frequent in Dion, also in 
Xenophon. Sch. p. 94. 6. ein: G. 1507; H. 870. 
10. φαγεῖν, πιεῖν: G. 1532, 1; H. 951. Cf. 22, 22; 24; 
25, 13. 12. οἰκουμένων, settlements. 14. ὅς ye, I 
who. Often in Dion the rel. with ye or ye καί is used 
in a causal sense. Sch. p. 98. 

Page 22.—2. λόγῳ, ἔργῳ: an antithesis sanctioned 
by immemorial usage. 5. καὶ os: demonstrative use of 
ὅς. Cf. Plato, Phaedo 118: ὁ ἄνθρωπος ἐξεκάλυψεν αὐτόν, 
καὶ ὃς τὰ ὄμματα ἔστησεν. See also 3, 1. note. 6. τρί- 
τον ἔτος : G. 1064; H. 721. 7. παντελῶς ὀλίγοι τινὲς, 


54 NOTES 


mighty few. On τινές with the adj., see 1, 14. note. 
10. φασκωλίοις : diminutive of φάσκωλος (Latin pasceo- 
lus), a leathern purse. The word is rare and late. 
11. γυμνοὶ, destitute. ἀτραποῦ, path. 12. εὑρήσειν : 
G. 1286; H. 948, a. Cf. the aor. διαφθαρῆναι, 1. 14. 
σκέπην, shanty. 

17. οὐκ ἀθρόον, ἀλλὰ: Dion is fond of such antith- 
eses, where the negative member often adds nothing to 
the sense, but emphasizes the positive. Sch. p. 172. 
20. ἀνέλαβον ἀπεψυγμένους, brought us back to life, for 
we were half dead. 21. κατακλίναντες : causative. 
22. ois: G. 1181; H. 776. 23. ἐφθὴν, boiled: cf. 28,1. 
25. κρέα : Obj. of ἔδωκαν. 

Page 23.—1. τὰ δὲ: see 8, 1. note. 6. χιτώνιον: 
the frequency of diminutives in this text is very notice- 
able. χιτώνιον, however, properly meant an undergar- 
ment, commonly the under-tunic worn by women. In 
later times, when both men and women wore under- 
tunics, the men’s garment was called xirwvickos, although 
Plutarch uses this word for both sexes. See Eustathius 
on Diad. xviii. 595; Becker, Charicles, p. 417. 7. pa- 
Kos, γα. περιεζώσατο : ζώννυμι. 

18. χαῖρε, how are you! The ordinary word of greet- 
ing. 14. ἐφίλουν, kissed. The Scholiast says: ‘To 
kiss one’s friends was a Persian custom; but among 
the Greeks it was countrified, for men in the cities shook 
hands with one another. From this custom came the 
phrase δεξιοῦσθαι. But even among the Persians, not 
every one who met an acquaintance greeted him with a 
kiss, but only an equal; an inferior bowed, while one 
still lower stood aside from the walk.’’ Cf. Xen. Ag. 
v. 4; Cyr. I. iv. 27-28; Hdt. I. c. 184. Mahaffy recalls 
Plutarch, Conjug. Praecepta,c.13. 17. τὴν ἀρχὴν: an 
Attic expression, for which Polybius uses ἐξ ἀρχῆς or 


NOTES ΘΟ 





Tras dpxds. Sch. p. 110. Cf. 16, 24. 19. πρυτανεῖον, 
town-hall, a building consecrated to Hestia and con- 
taining the hearth of the state. Here the chief magis- 
trates held their meetings, and foreign ambassadors and 
sometimes citizens, distinguished for some special service, 
were entertained. ἐπὶ ξένια, to dinner: Dindorf’s cor- 
rection for the ἐπὶ ξενίᾳ of the Mss. See Cobet, Var. 
Lect. p.81. Cf. Hdt. V.c. 18; Xen. Anab. VI.i.3; Hel. 
VL. iv: 20. 

Page 24. —4. θυγατέρα: G. 1069; H. 724. 5. ἐπι- 
δοῦναι, ψηφίσασθαι (8), δοῦναι (10): sc. δοκεῖ, See 23, 
19; 15, 17. note. χιτῶνα, ἱμάτιον : the garments of the 
Greeks were of two classes, ἐνδύματα and ἐπι- or περιβλή- 
ματα. The ordinary ἔνδυμα was the chiton. For men 
this was commonly a short woollen shirt without sleeves ; 
the women’s chiton reached to the ground. See 13, 13. 
note. The himation was the ordinary περίβλημα, and 
differed from the Roman toga in being nearly square. 
Athen. v. c. 50. See Becker, Charicles, p. 418 ff. 
7. δικαίοις: G. 928, 1; H. 941. 9. μηδένα: G. 1519; 
H. 1023. 11. κατασκευήν, outyit. 

16. δύνασαι : note the avoidance of indirect discourse. 
21. τρόπον: adverbial. 22. ἀπωμοσάμην: cf. 9, 11. 
The Mss. add λήψεσθαι, some, of inferior authority, in- 
serting also μή. Von Arnim, following Wilamowitz, 
rejects the reading. λάβῃ: G. 1358-9; 1490; H. 866, 
3. ‘*A question in the subj. expects an answer in the 
imperative ; hence the person is chiefly the first person. 
Occasionally we find this subj. question used as a purely 
indicative fut. (Luke 11, 5), in which the earlier and 
later stages of the language meet.’’ Gild. JM. p. 136. 
23. κατορύξῃ: cf. 19, 14. 25. ἠνώχλησε: note the 
double augment. See 11, 14. note. 


56 NOTES 


CHAPTER IV 


Fortunatus et ille, deos qui novit agrestis 

Panaque Silvanumque senem Nymphasque sorores. 
illum non populi fasces, non purpura regum 

flexit et infidos agitans discordia fratres. 


* * * * * * * * * * 


quos rami fructus, quos ipsa volentia rura 
sponte tulere sua, carpsit nec ferrea iura 
insanumque forum aut populi tabularia vidit. 


VirGiL, Georgics 11. 498 ff. 


8. πολίτας: G. 1069; H. 724. 

8. The description which follows here has so close a 
parallel in Plato’s Republic (11. 372) that Dion seems 
to have taken the detail of his picture directly from 
his master in philosophy. 10. στιβάδος, bedstead. 
12. ὡραία γάμου: G. 1145; H. 754, e. ὡραῖος alone was 
used in this sense. Cf. Babrius xcviii. 1. Here it may be 
translated grown up. 14. παρατιθέντες, 1.6. serving 
the meal. 19. σατραπῶν καὶ βασιλέων, nabobs and 
kings. Perhaps Dion was thinking of certain Asiatic 
princes who retained some nominal authority by favor 
of the Romans. 

Page 26. —2. ἔτι μᾶλλον, all the more, repeating the 
idea of μάλιστα (25, 19). τε Kal ἐλευθερίαν, and at the 
same time the independence. 4. ἀλλὰ κτλ., Dut even 
had somewhat the advantage (of rich men) in these 
things. πλεονεκτέω often takes a gen. of the person and 
dat. of the thing. Cf. Xen. Cyr. IV. iii. 21, ἔτι δ᾽, ἔφη, 
καὶ τοῖσδε πλεονεκτήσω τοῦ ἱπποκενταύρου. ‘The antithesis 
is similar to that in 22, 17. 

8. οὐκ ἀγεννές : litotes, a common figure in Dion. Cf. 


NOTES 57 





1, 7; 27, 16, etc. See Sch. p. 170. 9. ἠρυθρίασεν, 
blushed. 

14. Αὕτη: see 23, 6. 16. kal os: see 3, 1. note. 
Cf. Plato, Prot. 310 Ὁ. 17. πρὸς: an unusual and 
late use of the preposition. Sch. p. 168. ἐδόθη : cf. 
Babrius xeviii. 4. δίδωμι γῆμαι. 19. The wife is quick 
to resent this reflection on their happiness, and the 
insinuation that her daughter married for money. 
20. λαμβάνουσι, receive presents. 

Page 27.— 3. πέρυσι δὲ παρ᾽ αὐτῶν : the πέρυσι is due 
to Casaubon, the rest to Wilamowitz. 4. ψιλόν, mere: 
an odd use, but found in classical Greek. εὐθὺς : used 
properly only with gen. abs. and participial phrases, e.g. 
ἀρξάμενος εὐθὺς καθισταμένου (80. τοῦ πολέμου), Thue. 1. i.1; 
τοῖς καλοῖς εὐθὺς ἰδόντες εὖνοι γιγνόμεθα, Isoc. x. 56. Here 
γενομένης might be supplied with θερείας ; but cf. παρα- 
χρῆμα τῆς εὐεργεσίας, Dion I. p. 148, 33 (M. 187). The 
gen. alone with εὐθύς may seem less strange when it is 
remembered that in later Greek εὐθύς was often confused 
with εὐθύ which took the gen. directly, but always of 
place. εὐθύς in this sense has a partial parallel in the 
English use of ‘directly.’ For examples see Kr. 56, 10, 3 ; 
Ruth. Phryn. p. 222 f. 7. ἡἠρυθριασάτην : the dual had 
entirely disappeared before Dion’s time: its use by the 
Atticists was something of an affectation. Cf, 1. 25. 
10. μειδιάσας, smiling. 

16. σελήνιον : another diminutive. Cf. 19, 12; 1. 22; 
29, 17, and elsewhere. These words are evidently used 
to give to the language of these Euboean peasants a cer- 
tain homely flavor, and call to mind the very frequent 
use of diminutive forms in the spoken language of modern 
Greece. Sch. p. 162. σελήνιον is used by Athenaeus 
(vil. c. 3), and also by Theophrastus. Greek weddings 
were most frequently held in the bridal month, Gamelion. 


58 NOTES 


Morel, in his scholia on this passage, quotes from Sopho- 
cles, Frag. 713 (which, however, has nothing to do with 
weddings) : 


Πρόσωπα καλλύνουσα καὶ πληρουμένη. 


On superstitions about the full moon see Plutarch, Quaest. 
Rom. c. 77, εὐτοκεῖν yap ἐν ταῖς πανσελήνοις μάλιστα δοκοῦσι. 
19. ἔλαφον κτλ., J can track down a stag and meet the 
charge of a wild boar. This use of καταπονέω is post- 
classical: it is found also in Plut. and Luc. Sch. p. 160. 
22. ἔλαβες : translate run down. Awaplw, snare: a 
vulgarism. Sch. p. 161. 

Page 28. —2. ῃσχύνθη, was embarrassed. ὅ. ἱερεῖον, 


sacrifice. πρίηται : v. sub ὠνέομαι. 
10. γενναῖον, a fine one. 11. ἔφη, said yes. καὶ 
πόθεν σοι: (. 1171; Η. 770: 19. τέκνα, litter. 


14. ἁλόντι κτλ., the pig was evidently stunned, and the 
young man, in order that he might not kill it or let it 
escape, wrapped it up in the skin which he was wearing. 
See 18, 14. The reading here and the explanation are 
due to Geel: the Mss. give καὶ ἄλλοι τὸ δέρμα ἐπέβαλον. 
15. κώμῃ : cf. 8, 10. 16. χοῖρον, a young porker, i.e. 
a young domestic pig: χοῖρος was used especially of a 
sucking pig. Ath. ix.c. 17 and 54; Homer, Od. xiv. 80. 
The wild pig in this case was of the wrong gender (cf. 
ἑνὸς 1. 19 and τῆς συός 1.19). Although in 1. 5 the father 
speaks of sacrificing to the gods in general, yet it was to 
Hera especially, as the goddess of marriage and child- 
birth, that sacrifice was offered on the wedding day. It 
was the custom that the animal should be of the same 
sex as the divinity to whom it was sacrificed. 

17. ταῦτα apa, then that was why. 18. ἀκούων: cf. 
18, 4. note. 20. εὐβοΐδες, chestnuts. Euboea was 
famous for its chestnuts, hence the name. The more 


NOTES 59 


ἜΝ a SS SS 


common name was κάρυα Kaoravata or κάστανα. The 
Euboean chestnuts were given a bad name by Mnesi- 
theus for indigestibility (Ath. ii. c. 43). 21. βαλάνους, 
acorns. The word was often used of nuts in general. 
Athenaeus (ii. c. 41-48) speaks of the Διὸς βάλανον, evi- 
dently the walnut, and in the same chapter he calls this 
very Euboean chestnut βάλανος : λόπιμον κάρυόν τε Ev- 
βοέες, βάλανον δὲ μετεξέτεροι καλέσαντος The sense of the 
passage, however, seems to be: there were not enough 
chestnuts to fatten her, unless she had been willing to 
eat acorns with them. The pig was evidently too dainty 
to eat the ordinary mast. ἱκανός was often used of num- 
ber and quantity, regularly so in the New Testament 
(ὄχλος ἱκανός, Acts xi. 24; ἱκανὸν χρόνον, Acts Xiv. 3). 
Cf. πρὸ ἱκανοῦ, Dion 11. p. 295, 1 (M. 298). For εἰ μή γε 
yon Arnim conjectures 7 μηδὲ, a doubtful improvement 
even if it had Ms. authority. 22. πορευθείς : note the 
use of the part. to particularize the action of the verb. 
It is used here and in 1. 5,and gives color to the language 
of these peasants. ‘The idiom is as old as Homer, but in 
Hellenistic Greek has been regarded by some as an Ori- 
entalism, especially in the Septuagint, where it is often 
in imitation of the Hebrew inf. abs. (Winer, N. 7. Gram- 
mar, ed. of 1878, pp. 354-5). Sch. p. 97. 

Page 29.—2. ota, sorb-apples, the fruit of the ser- 
vice-tree, Pyrus (Sorbus) domestica, akin to the moun- 
tainash. ‘These berries ripened in the fall, and were split 
for eating [cf. ὥσπερ οἱ τὰ ba (τέμνοντες), Plato, Sym. 
190 ἜΠΗ: μέσπιλα, mediars. ‘*The medlar is a small 
bushy tree related to the crab-apple, wild in central and 
southern Europe, but introduced from western Asia, Its 
fruit resembles a small brown-skinned apple, but with 
a broad disk at the summit surrounded by the remains 
of the calyx lobes. When first gathered it is harsh and 


60 NOTES 


uneatable ; but in the early stages of decay it acquires 
an acid flavor much relished by some. Shak. As You 
Like It, I11. 2, 123.*’. Cent. Dict. 3. τῆς γενναίας ora- 
φυλῆς κτλ., plump clusters of fine grapes. Schmid (Ὁ. 113) 
calls attention to the application of the adj. γενναῖος to 
lifeless objects, and says that the word was lacking alto- 
gether in the later language ; that Plato and Xen. use it 
of animals. Schmid also marks the word as occurring 
only once in Dion, doubtless in this sense. The word, 
however, occurs five times in this text alone; once of 
men (γενναῖοι τὰ σώματα, 9, 3), Once of meat (18, 10), 
twice of vines (19, 1; 29, 3), and once of an animal for 
sacrifice (ἱερεῖον, 28, 10). Plato (Laws, 844 E.) uses this 
identical phrase γενναίαν σταφυλήν and γενναῖα σῦκα. 
5. ἀπὸ, from the stains of: οἷ. Dion I. p. 82, 18 (M. 85). 
6. πτερίδα, fern. 8. παιδιᾶς, jokes. 9. ἄρτους Ka- 
θαροὺς, loaves made of fine flour. ἄρτος meant a loaf of 
wheat bread, while μᾶζα was of barley. Cf. 22, 23; 8, 1. 
For the meaning of καθαρός, see Ath. iil. c. 74: συγκομιστόν 
- τοῦτο δ᾽ εἶναί φησι καὶ διαχωρητικώτερον τοῦ καθαροῦ. 
10. wa κτλ., boiled eggs on wooden platters and roasted 
vetches. ‘*Phaenias, in his book about plants, says: 
Pulse, beans, and vetches, when they are tender, are used 
for dessert ; but when they are dry, they are usually eaten 
boiled or roasted.” Ath. ii.c.44. Roasted ἐρέβινθοι must 
have been a great delicacy, for it is said of one man that 


τρώγων ἐρεβίνθους ἀπεπνίγη πεφρυγμένους. 


12. The party is now complete, and around their fire- 
side on this fall evening, over their supper of fruit and 
nuts, they talk about the wedding. 


πὰρ πυρὶ χρὴ τοιαῦτα λέγειν χειμῶνος ἐν won 
ἐν κλίνῃ μαλακῇ κατακείμενον, ἔμπλεον ὄντα, 
πίνοντα γλυκὺν οἶνον, ὑποτρώγοντ᾽ ἐρεβίνθους. 


ATH. ii. c. 44. 


NOTES 61 





And see also Aristoph. Peace, 1131-37. 13. ἀδελφι- 
δῆν, niece. 15. παρ᾽ ἡμῶν, on our side. The Mss. give 
παρ᾽ ἡμῖν, Which Emperius emends. 16. ἄλφιτα καὶ 
ἄλευρα, meal and flour (of barley and wheat; cf. Plato, 
Rep. 372 B.), doubtless to sprinkle over the sacrifice. 
Cf. Homer, Od. xiv. 429. For a full account of a sac- 
rifice, see Od. iii. 418-468. These ceremonies remained 
essentially unaltered in later times. See Guhl and Koner: 
Life of the Greeks and Romans, tr. from 8d ed. p. 283 ff. 
17. οἰναρίου: cf. 27,16. The word is found in Dem. and 
in comic writers. Sch. p. 128. οἰνάριον often meant a 
poor, cheap wine, a phrase which recalls the English 
‘small beer.’ Athenaeus (iii. c. 9) quotes from Apollo- 
dorus of Carystos: 
πλὴν τὸ οἰνάριον πάνυ 
ἣν ὀξὺ καὶ πονηρόν, wor ἠσχυνόμην. 


And again (ii. ο. 56), πιεῖν οἰνάριον ἣν ἀμφίβολον. The in- 
nocens Lesbium of Horace (Carm. I. 17, 21) is called 
οἰνάριον in Ath. 1. ο. 51. 19. τὸν κηδεστὴν, his future 
JSather-in-law. 

Page 30. —2. ὁ ἐπέχων, the one who is keeping us 


back. 3. μέν : solitarium. Cf. 4, 15. 4. τοῦ λίπους 
διαρραγήσεται, is ready to burst with fat. 5. ὅρα, take 
care. 6. οὗτος ὑμῖν, your friend here. 8. αὑτοῦ, 
than his wont: cf. Thue. I. vir. 3: ὡς πλυσιώτεροι éav- 
τῶν γιγνόμενοι. 12. ἀλύων, distracted. 18, ἀνιᾶσθαι, 
be teased. 17. προσμεῖναι τὴν ἡμέραν, to stay until 


the day. 





INDEX 
OF MATTERS TREATED IN THE NOTES 


[The figures refer to pages and lines in the text.] 


GREEK 
ἀκούω, 18, 4. εἶπον, 14, 5. 
ἀλλά, 4, 11. eis, 18, 1. 
ἄλλος, 4, Li: LG, 19. ἐκὶ 8, 1 δ᾽ 19: 
ἄλφιτον, 29, 16. ἐντός, 15, 22. 
ἀνανεύω, 12, 12. ἐξωμίς, 18, 15. 
ἀπάγω. 18, 4. ἐπιστρέψας, 12, 14. 
ἀπόμνυμαι, 9, 11; 24, 22. ἐρέβινθος, 29, 10. 
ἀργή, 14, 5. evBotdes, 28, 20. 
ἄρκειος, 17, 18. εὐεργέτης, 12, 10. 
ἀρχήν, τὴν, 28, 17. εὐθύς, 27, 4. 
ἄττα, 6, 5. ἱμάτιον, 24, 5. 
αὐτόματος, 10, 18. iva, 19, 3. 
ἀφορμή, 15, 6. καθαρός, 29, 9. 
βάλανος, 28, 21. καθελῶ. 20, 11. 
βασιλεύς, 6, 1; 25, 19. καί, 20, 24. 
γενναῖος, 29, 3. καταπονέω, 27, 19. 
δέ, 8,1; 23,1. Καφηρίδες, 13, 18. 
δίδωμι, 9, 12; 18, 7. κομάω, 2, 19. 
δυσί, 19, 11. Adpos, 21, 3. 
εἰ δὲ μή, 9, 12. λειτουργία, 12, 7. 
εἰ μή γε, 20, 0 ; 28, 21. λοιπόν, τὸ, 16, 19. 
εἰκάζω, 2, 16. μακάριος, 5, 12; 17, 10. 


63 


64 INDEX 


μακράν, 3, 10. πυνθάνομαι, 18, 5. 
μέδιμνος, 18, 13. σατράπης, 25, 19. 

μέν, 4,15; 14, 3; 30, 5. σημαίνω, 8, 14. 

μέσοι, 11, 9. στενοχωρία, 20, 16. 
μέσπιλον, 29, 2. σύν, 10, 16. 

ph, 5. 19; 12, 11; 19; 18, 7, | σχεδὸν re, 1, 9; 18, 9. 
Ναύπλιος, 18, 18. τάλαντον, 18, 5. 

ξένια, ἐπὶ, 23, 19. ταρρός, 21, 3. 

οἴμαι, 6, 8; 12, 11; 18, 17; | τώρα, 21, 1. 

192 17. Ὁ; τῆτες, 18, 10. 
ὁπηνίκα, 9, ὃ. τὶς, 1, 145-32) 8 
ὀρεινός, 14, 11. τοι, 19, 21, 
καὶ ὅς, 8,1; 22,5; 26,15. |τυχόν, 1, 5. 
ὅς ye, 21, 14. φάραγξ, 10, 17. 
ὀσμή. 8, 5. χειμερινός, 8, 19. 
ὅστις, 1, 8. χοῖρος, 28, 10. 
ὅταν, 8, 15. χιτών, 94, 5. 
οὐ, 20, 18. ψιλός, 97, 4. 
οὐδέν, 16, 2. gov, 29, 10. 
ovov, 29, 2. ὡραῖος, 25, 12. 
οὗτος, 21, 4. ὡς, 8,23; 4, 17. 
πλεονεκτέω, 26, 4. ws dv, 6, 8. 
πρός, 19, 20; 26, 17. ὥστε, 6, 2. 


πρυτανεῖον, 23, 19. 


ENGLISH 
Antithesis, 22, 17. Conjunctions, 2, 11. 
Aorist, 11, 19, Constructio ad sensum, 10, 
Article, 1, 8; 11, 2, 22; 12, 24; 14, 4, 
Augment, 9, 2; 11, 14; 18, | Diminutives, 6, 3; 19, 12; 
23 ; 24, 25. 99). 10; -23>°G* 87; ἸΌΝ 


Conditions, 14, 17; 15, 18;| 22; 29, 17. 
17, 12; 20, 15. Dual, 27, 7. 


INDEX 65 





Fractions, 14, 11. | Participles, 2, 15; 11, 18; 
Genitive, 17, 6; 20, 13. 12, 15; 19, 22; 28, 22. 
Imperative, 15, 11. _Pluperfect, 9, 12. 
Imperfect, 10, 15. Prepositions, 2, 13. 
Indicative, potential, 12, 6. | Relatives, 2, 20. 

Infinitive, 2, 21; 4, 18. Sacrifices, 28, 16; 29, 16. 
Litotes, 26, 8. Subjunctive, 24, 22. 
Marriage customs, 27, 16. Swearing, verbs of, 9, 11. 


Optative, 1, 5; 2, 5; 7; 8, | Theatres, 10, 15. 
14; 18; 4,3; 12, 15; 18, | Thinking, verbs of, 2, 12. 
ὃ. 19,9: 


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